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Related Concept Videos

Sample Preparation for Analysis: Overview01:21

Sample Preparation for Analysis: Overview

3.8K
Sample preparation is an essential step in the analytical process. It involves preparing a sample so that it can be analyzed accurately. The goal is to extract the analyte, the substance you want to measure, from the sample while removing any components that may interfere with the analysis. Sample preparation techniques vary depending on the physical state of the sample.
Bulk or large solid samples are typically reduced in size using grinding, crushing, or milling techniques to increase the...
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High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction01:11

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction

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High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), formerly referred to as High-pressure liquid chromatography, is a powerful technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in complex mixtures. The term "high pressure" refers to using high pressure to push the liquid mobile phase through the tightly packed columns.
In HPLC, two phases play a critical role in the separation process:
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High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation00:57

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation

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High-performance liquid chromatography, or HPLC, is an analytical technique that separates liquid samples under high pressures. An HPLC instrument consists of glass bottles for storing solvents called mobile phase reservoirs. HPLC-grade solvents are used to maintain high purity, and the dissolved gases are removed using a degasser, such as a vacuum pumping system or sparging with helium. The solvents are then pumped into the analytical column using a screw-driven syringe or reciprocating pumps.
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High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Elution Process01:05

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Elution Process

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In High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), the elution process is critical to the separation of analytes and the quality of chromatographic results. Elution describes how compounds move through the column and separate based on their interactions with the mobile and stationary phases. This process determines the resolution, peak shape, and retention times in the chromatogram, which are essential for identifying and quantifying components in complex mixtures. Understanding the elution...
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Sampling Methods: Overview01:06

Sampling Methods: Overview

3.5K
A sample refers to a smaller subset representative of a larger population. In analytical chemistry, studying or analyzing an entire population is often impractical or impossible. Therefore, samples are used to draw inferences and generalize the whole population. The sampling method selects individuals or items from a population to create a sample. Standard sampling methods include random, judgemental, systematic, stratified, and cluster sampling. 
In analytical chemistry, the choice of...
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Sampling Methods: Sample Types01:18

Sampling Methods: Sample Types

3.4K
Sampling materials are classified into three main types: solid, liquid, and gas.
Solid samples include a variety of substances, such as sediments from water bodies, soil, metals, and biological tissues. Two standard methods for extracting sediments from water bodies are grab sampling and piston coring. Grab sampling involves using a device to collect a discrete sediment sample from the bottom of a water body with minimal disturbance. Grab samples do not always represent the entire area due to...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Large Scale Non-targeted Metabolomic Profiling of Serum by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry UPLC-MS
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Large Scale Non-targeted Metabolomic Profiling of Serum by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry UPLC-MS

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Sample preparation for large-scale bioanalytical studies based on liquid chromatographic techniques.

Andrei Medvedovici1, Elena Bacalum2, Victor David1

  • 1Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania.

Biomedical Chromatography : BMC
|November 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Choosing the right sample preparation method is crucial for high-quality bioanalytical data in large-scale liquid chromatography studies. This review evaluates common techniques like protein precipitation and solid-phase extraction.

Keywords:
bioanalysisbiomatricesextractionlarge-scale studiesliquid chromatographysample preparation

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Multi-step Preparation Technique to Recover Multiple Metabolite Compound Classes for In-depth and Informative Metabolomic Analysis
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Untargeted Metabolomics from Biological Sources Using Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry UPLC-HRMS
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Last Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Large Scale Non-targeted Metabolomic Profiling of Serum by Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry UPLC-MS
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Multi-step Preparation Technique to Recover Multiple Metabolite Compound Classes for In-depth and Informative Metabolomic Analysis
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Untargeted Metabolomics from Biological Sources Using Ultraperformance Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry UPLC-HRMS
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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Biochemistry
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Bioanalytical studies require robust methods for accurate data.
  • Liquid chromatography is a core technique for analyzing biological samples.
  • Sample preparation significantly impacts analytical data quality in large-scale studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and compare various sample preparation methods for large-scale bioanalytical studies.
  • To assess the analytical performance, applications, advantages, and disadvantages of different techniques.
  • To provide insights into recent advancements in the field.

Main Methods:

  • Protein precipitation
  • Liquid-liquid extraction
  • Solid-phase extraction
  • Derivatization
  • Liquid chromatography coupled with various detectors

Main Results:

  • Each sample preparation method offers distinct analytical performances, application ranges, and trade-offs.
  • The choice of method depends on specific study requirements and analyte properties.
  • Recent literature highlights advancements in optimizing these techniques.

Conclusions:

  • Effective sample preparation is paramount for reliable bioanalytical data in extensive studies.
  • A thorough understanding of method-specific characteristics is essential for optimal study design.
  • This review consolidates key information for researchers in the field.