Derivatization procedures and their analytical performances for HPLC determination in bioanalysis

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Bioanalysis
• Chromatography

Background:

• Derivatization is crucial in bioanalysis using liquid chromatography to boost detectability and chromatographic performance.
• It involves modifying chemical structures of target analytes, particularly those with hydroxyl, thiol, amino, carbonyl, and carboxyl functional groups.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review derivatization processes and reagents used in bioanalysis over the last two decades.
• To highlight applications, reaction conditions, and performance metrics of various derivatization techniques.

Main Methods:

• Discussion of derivatization procedures based on analytical techniques (in situ, extraction-based).
• Inclusion of chiral, isotope-labeling, hydrophobicity-tailored, and post-column derivatizations.
• Analysis of representative publications from the last 20 years.

Main Results:

• Examples of derivatization reagents and reaction conditions provided.
• Bioanalytical applications, chromatographic conditions, detection limits, stability, and sample matrices are detailed.
• Comprehensive overview of advancements in derivatization for bioanalysis.

Conclusions:

• Derivatization remains a vital strategy for enhancing bioanalytical methods.
• The review offers valuable insights into selecting appropriate derivatization techniques for specific analytes and matrices.
• Understanding these methods improves analytical accuracy and sensitivity in biological sample analysis.