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Paradigms of Lower Extremity Electrical Stimulation Training After Spinal Cord Injury
Published on: February 1, 2018
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Development of Functional Electrical Stimulation Rowing: The Rowstim Series.
Brian Andrews1,2, Robin Gibbons3, Garry Wheeler4
1School of Engineering, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
Artificial Organs
|November 18, 2017
Summary
Functional electrical stimulation (FES) rowing offers a novel exercise for spinal cord injury (SCI) patients, potentially reducing secondary health risks. This adaptive rowing technology engages paralyzed leg muscles, aiding in cardiovascular health and bone density improvements.
Area of Science:
- Rehabilitation Medicine
- Biomedical Engineering
- Sports Science
Background:
- Spinal cord injury (SCI) leads to secondary health complications, including cardiovascular disease, Type II diabetes, and osteoporosis.
- Functional electrical stimulation (FES) assisted exercise presents a potential therapeutic strategy to mitigate these comorbidities.
- Adaptive rowing offers a unique exercise modality for individuals with SCI.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the therapeutic potential of FES-assisted rowing for individuals with SCI.
- To describe the development and implementation of FES rowing technology.
- To assess the feasibility and performance outcomes of FES rowing.
Main Methods:
- Development of hybrid FES rowing technology, synchronizing electrical stimulation of paralyzed leg muscles with voluntary upper body movements.
- Utilized various adapted rowing apparatus, including indoor ergometers and water-based simulators.
- Involved volunteers with paraplegia and tetraplegia (SCI C4-T12 AIS A) using multi-channel surface electrical stimulation.
Main Results:
- Demonstrated steady-state exercise intensities ranging from 15.2 ±1.8 mL/kg/min (tetraplegia) to 22.9 ±7.1 mL/kg/min (paraplegia).
- Preliminary data suggest cyclical leg forces exceeding 1.5 times body weight, potentially reducing fracture risk.
- FES rowers have successfully competed in national and international adaptive rowing events, achieving competitive times.
Conclusions:
- FES rowing is a feasible and effective adaptive exercise for individuals with SCI.
- This technology holds promise for improving cardiovascular health, bone density, and overall quality of life in the SCI population.
- FES rowing enables competitive participation in adaptive sports, showcasing significant athletic potential.
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