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Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Sit-to-stand-and-walk from 120% Knee Height: A Novel Approach to Assess Dynamic Postural Control Independent of Lead-limb
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The GAIT translational control system.

Abul Arif1, Peng Yao2, Fulvia Terenzi1

  • 1Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. RNA
|November 21, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The interferon-gamma-activated inhibitor of translation (GAIT) system uses a protein complex to control gene expression by repressing mRNA translation, playing a key role in inflammation resolution and innate immunity.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • The interferon (IFN)-γ-activated inhibitor of translation (GAIT) system regulates gene expression at the translational level.
  • In myeloid cells, IFN-γ triggers the formation of a GAIT complex that binds specific mRNA elements, inhibiting translation of inflammation-related genes like ceruloplasmin and VEGF-A.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the composition and regulatory mechanisms of the human GAIT complex.
  • To understand the distinct roles of GAIT complex constituents in translational control.
  • To explore the physiological relevance and regulation of the GAIT system in inflammation and immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Identification and characterization of GAIT complex components (EPRS, NSAP1, L13a, GAPDH).
  • Investigation of kinase-mediated regulation of GAIT complex assembly (Cdk5, mTORC1, S6K1, DAPK-ZIPK).
  • Analysis of GAIT system regulation by genetic modifications, hypoxia, and lipoproteins using mouse models and proto-chordate systems.

Main Results:

  • The human GAIT complex is a heterotetramer composed of EPRS, NSAP1, L13a, and GAPDH.
  • Kinase signaling pathways precisely regulate the assembly of the GAIT complex.
  • Each subunit plays a specific role: EPRS binds mRNA, NSAP1 modulates binding, L13a blocks ribosome recruitment, and GAPDH stabilizes L13a.
  • Genetic variations and environmental factors like hypoxia influence GAIT activity, impacting inflammation resolution.

Conclusions:

  • The GAIT system is a crucial regulator of transcript-selective translation, particularly in inflammatory responses.
  • Kinase networks and specific protein interactions orchestrate GAIT complex formation and function.
  • The GAIT system's conserved nature suggests a fundamental role in innate immunity and inflammation control across species.