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Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology
Published on: August 22, 2022
Congenital Abnormalities of the Temporomandibular Joint
Christopher J Galea1, Jason E Dashow1, Jennifer E Woerner2
1Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Louisiana State University, Shreveport, LA 71115, USA.
Abstract:
Congenital deformities of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) complex can present as a heterogeneous continuum of growth disturbances of the mandibular condyle, articular eminence, and temporal bone. This article describes several syndromes with congenital condylar deformity, including mandibulofacial dysostosis (Treacher Collins syndrome), hemifacial microsomia, oculoauriculovertebral syndrome, oculomandibulodyscephaly (Hallermann-Streiff syndrome), and Nager syndrome. Variations in the extent of TMJ deficiency seen in each individual case influence the timing and techniques of TMJ reconstruction.
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