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Compared with pure water, the solubility of an ionic compound is less in aqueous solutions containing a common ion (one also produced by dissolution of the ionic compound). This is an example of a phenomenon known as the common ion effect, which is a consequence of the law of mass action that may be explained using Le Chȃtelier’s principle. Consider the dissolution of silver iodide:
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Related Experiment Video

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Electrochemically and Bioelectrochemically Induced Ammonium Recovery
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Ammonium removal from aqueous solutions by fixed-bed column using corncob-based modified biochar.

Lan Huong Nguyen1, Thi Mai Vu2, Thi Trinh Le2

  • 1a Faculty of Biotechnology and Environmental Engineering , Ho Chi Minh City University of Food Industry (HUFI) , Ho Chi Minh City , Viet Nam.

Environmental Technology
|November 23, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Modified corncob biochar effectively removes ammonium from water in fixed-bed columns. This sustainable adsorbent demonstrates high capacity and regenerability for wastewater treatment applications.

Keywords:
MBCCammonium adsorptionbreakthrough curvecorncob biocharfixed-bed column

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Ammonium contamination in water poses significant environmental and health risks.
  • Conventional water treatment methods for ammonium removal can be energy-intensive and costly.
  • Biochar derived from agricultural waste offers a sustainable alternative for pollutant remediation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the efficacy of modified corncob biochar (MBCC) for ammonium removal from aqueous solutions.
  • To evaluate the performance of MBCC in a fixed-bed column system.
  • To assess the regeneration potential of MBCC for continuous application.

Main Methods:

  • Corncob biochar was modified using a mixture of nitric acid and sodium hydroxide to create active binding sites.
  • Fixed-bed column experiments were conducted to study the effects of initial ammonium concentration, flow rate, and MBCC bed height.
  • Adsorption breakthrough curves were analyzed using Yoon-Nelson, Thomas, and Adam-Bohart models.
  • Regeneration studies were performed to evaluate the reusability of the saturated MBCC.

Main Results:

  • The highest adsorption capacity achieved was 12.83 mg/g under optimal conditions (10 mg/L initial ammonium, 8 cm bed height, 3 mL/min flow rate).
  • The breakthrough time reached 480 minutes with a Ct/Co value of 0.862 ± 0.025.
  • The Yoon-Nelson, Thomas, and Adam-Bohart models demonstrated a good fit with the experimental data (high R2 values).
  • MBCC was successfully regenerated and reused for four cycles, with a NaOH and NaCl mixture showing superior regeneration efficiency compared to NaCl alone.

Conclusions:

  • Modified corncob biochar (MBCC) is a promising adsorbent for efficient ammonium removal in fixed-bed columns.
  • The MBCC system exhibits favorable adsorption kinetics and can be effectively regenerated for multiple uses.
  • This study highlights the potential of agricultural waste-derived biochar as a sustainable solution for ammonium-contaminated water treatment.