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Progress Toward Poliomyelitis Eradication - Pakistan, January 2016-September 2017
MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report
|November 23, 2017
Summary
Pakistan saw a significant decrease in wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) cases, with a 63% drop in 2016 and a further 69% decline by September 2017. Continued efforts are crucial to eradicate WPV1, especially in high-risk areas.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
- Virology
Background:
- The Global Polio Eradication Initiative, launched in 1988, aims to eliminate all wild poliovirus (WPV) serotypes.
- Wild poliovirus type 1 (WPV1) is the only remaining serotype, with endemic transmission persisting in Pakistan, Afghanistan, and Nigeria since 2014.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report on polio eradication activities and progress in Pakistan from January 2016 to July 2017.
- To provide an updated assessment of WPV1 transmission dynamics and identify key challenges.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of reported WPV1 cases and environmental surveillance data from January 2016 to September 2017.
- Review of national polio eradication strategies, including vaccination campaigns and action plans.
Main Results:
- Pakistan reported a 63% decrease in WPV1 cases in 2016 (20 cases) compared to 2015 (54 cases).
- By September 2017, a 69% decline in WPV1 cases was observed compared to the same period in 2016 (5 cases vs. 16 cases).
- WPV1 detection in environmental samples increased in 2017 (15%) compared to 2016 (9%), indicating ongoing transmission in high-risk areas.
Conclusions:
- Significant progress has been made in reducing WPV1 cases in Pakistan.
- Continued WPV1 transmission, evidenced by environmental sampling, necessitates sustained eradication efforts.
- Key strategies include reaching unvaccinated children, community-based vaccination, implementing the National Emergency Action Plan, and enhancing routine immunization.
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