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Refractive Status and Amblyopia Risk Factors in Chinese Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Jiaxing Wang1,2, Gang Ding3, Ying Li2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.

Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
|November 25, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have a higher risk of developing strabismus, a key factor for amblyopia. Early detection is crucial for this underserved population.

Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Developmental Pediatrics
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

  • Amblyopia risk factors in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are challenging to detect early due to cooperation issues.
  • Previous research has not specifically addressed these risks in the Chinese population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of amblyopia risk factors, specifically strabismus, in Chinese children with ASD.
  • To compare the incidence of strabismus in children with ASD to neurotypical children.

Main Methods:

  • Screened 168 Chinese children with ASD (aged 3-8 years) and 264 age-matched neurotypical controls.
  • Utilized Spot photoscreener and basic ophthalmologic examinations for assessment.

Main Results:

  • Children with ASD showed a significantly higher incidence of strabismus (16.1%) compared to controls (1.5%) (p < 0.01).
  • Normal refractive status was observed in children with ASD.
  • Esodeviation was the most common type of strabismus found in the ASD group.

Conclusions:

  • Strabismus is a significant risk factor for amblyopia in children with ASD and warrants serious consideration by healthcare professionals.
  • Ophthalmologists and other healthcare providers should be more vigilant in screening for strabismus in children with autism spectrum disorders.

Keywords:
AmblyopiaAutismChildrenRefractive statusRisk factorStrabismus

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