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Pericardial effusion following cardiac surgery. A single-center experience

Hien Sinh Nguyen1, Hung Doan-Thai Nguyen2, Thang Duc Vu3

  • 11 434418 Hanoi Heart Hospital , Hanoi, Vietnam.

Asian Cardiovascular & Thoracic Annals
|November 25, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Postoperative pericardial effusion, a complication after open heart surgery, occurred in 3.19% of patients. Increased left ventricular end-diastolic dimension independently predicts this complication, necessitating routine echocardiography.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiac Surgery
  • Thoracic Surgery

Background:

  • Pericardial effusion is a frequent complication following open heart surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.
  • It leads to prolonged hospital stays, increased costs, and poorer patient outcomes.
  • This complication is particularly relevant in tertiary hospitals with high surgical volumes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the clinical presentation, incidence, and risk factors of postoperative pericardial effusion.
  • To identify predictors for better prevention strategies.
  • To improve surgical outcomes after open heart surgery.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 1127 patients undergoing open heart surgery.
  • Data collected from January 2015 to December 2015.
  • Statistical analysis including univariate and multivariate logistic regression.

Main Results:

  • 3.19% of patients developed pericardial effusion, with 44.4% experiencing cardiac tamponade.
  • Pericardial effusion was most common after valve procedures (77.8%) and often detected post-discharge (47.2%).
  • Left ventricular end-diastolic diameter z score ≥ 0.55 was identified as an independent risk factor.

Conclusions:

  • Routine postoperative echocardiography is crucial for detecting pericardial effusion.
  • Increased left ventricular end-diastolic dimension is a significant independent predictor.
  • Early detection and risk factor identification can improve patient management and outcomes.

Keywords:
Cardiac surgical proceduresCardiac tamponadeEchocardiographyPericardial effusionPostoperative complications

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