Marijuana use is associated with hypersensitivity to multiple allergens in US adults

The recent legalization of marijuana use for both medical and recreational purposes in several states of the United Sates is expected to further increase the already high prevalence of marijuana use. Although allergic reactions are uncommon, the potential of marijuana use and cultivation to cause allergy should be considered. We aimed to investigate whether marijuana use is associated with the prevalence of sensitization to specific allergens.

A total of 2671 adults (aged 20-59 years) who participated in the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were included. Participants completed a questionnaire on marijuana use and underwent sensitization tests to 19 specific allergens. Those who reported marijuana use for at least 1 day in the past 30 days were considered marijuana users.

No difference was found in the history of allergy between marijuana users and non-users. Compared with marijuana non-users as a reference group, the adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of sensitization to a specific allergen among marijuana users was significantly greater for antibodies against the following: Alternaria alternata (AOR=1.67; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.04-2.70), D. farinae (AOR=1.68; 95% CI, 1.27-2.22), D. pteronyssin (AOR=1.65; 95% CI, 1.32-2.06), ragweed (AOR=1.84; 95% CI, 1.30-2.59), rye grass (AOR=1.49; 95% CI, 1.12-1.97), Bermuda grass (AOR=1.55; 95% CI, 1.03-2.33), oak (AOR=1.76; 95% CI, 1.14-2.70), birch (AOR=2.09; 95% CI, 1.23-3.55), peanut (AOR=1.91; 95% CI, 1.25-2.92), and cat dander (AOR=1.51; 95% CI=1.13-2.03).

We provide preliminary findings to suggest that marijuana use is associated with sensitization to specific allergens, including molds, dust mites, plants, and cat dander.