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Related Concept Videos

Mitochondrial Membranes01:45

Mitochondrial Membranes

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A single mitochondrion is a bean-shaped organelle enclosed by a double-membrane system. The outer membrane of mitochondria is smooth and contains many porins - the integral membrane transporters. Porins enable free diffusion of ions and small uncharged molecules through the outer mitochondrial membrane but limit the transport of molecules larger than 5000 Daltons. Further, the outer mitochondrial membrane forms a unique structure called membrane contact sites with other subcellular organelles,...
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The inner mitochondrial membrane is the primary site of ATP synthesis. The inner membrane domain that forms a smooth layer adjacent to the outer membrane is called the inner boundary membrane. This domain contains membrane transporters that drive metabolites in and out of the mitochondria.  In contrast, the inner membrane network that invaginates into the matrix space is called the cristae membrane. This domain accounts for principle mitochondrial function as it accommodates the protein...
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Specific Labeling of Mitochondrial Nucleoids for Time-lapse Structured Illumination Microscopy
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Mitochondrial dynamics tracking with iridium(III) complexes.

Yu Chen1, Thomas W Rees1, Liangnian Ji1

  • 1MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.

Current Opinion in Chemical Biology
|November 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes are excellent for tracking mitochondrial dynamics due to their photostability and low toxicity. These advanced dyes show promise for observing mitochondrial functions in various biological models.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry and Cell Biology
  • Mitochondrial Research
  • Bioimaging

Background:

  • Mitochondrial dynamics are crucial cellular processes requiring specialized imaging tools.
  • Existing dyes often lack the photostability, low cytotoxicity, and robustness needed for dynamic tracking.
  • There is a significant need for advanced probes to visualize mitochondrial behavior in complex biological systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes as potential trackers for mitochondrial dynamics.
  • To assess the suitability of these complexes for imaging in diverse biological contexts, including cell monolayers, 3D multicellular spheroids (MCSs), and live animals.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes.
  • Assessment of mitochondrial localization and photophysical properties of the complexes.
  • Evaluation of cytotoxicity, photostability, and resistance to mitochondrial membrane potential loss.
  • Application of the complexes for imaging mitochondrial dynamics in cell monolayers, 3D MCSs, and live animal models.

Main Results:

  • Phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes demonstrated excellent mitochondrial localization.
  • These complexes exhibited superior photostability, low cytotoxicity, and high resistance to mitochondrial membrane potential loss.
  • The dyes showed appreciable tolerance to environmental changes, crucial for dynamic imaging.
  • Successful application of iridium(III) complexes for tracking mitochondrial dynamics was shown across cell monolayers, 3D MCSs, and live animals.

Conclusions:

  • Phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes are highly suitable candidates for tracking mitochondrial dynamics.
  • Their properties address the limitations of traditional dyes, enabling advanced bioimaging.
  • These complexes offer a promising platform for future research into mitochondrial function and dysfunction.