Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Effect of Hyaluronic Acid 35 kDa on an In Vitro Model of Preterm Small Intestinal Injury and Healing Using Enteroid-Derived Monolayers
09:36

Effect of Hyaluronic Acid 35 kDa on an In Vitro Model of Preterm Small Intestinal Injury and Healing Using Enteroid-Derived Monolayers

Published on: July 28, 2022

2.7K

Early optimal parenteral nutrition and metabolic acidosis in very preterm infants

Francesco Bonsante1,2, Jean-Bernard Gouyon2, Pierre-Yves Robillard1,2

  • 1Réanimation Néonatale et Pédiatrique, Néonatologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Réunion, Site Sud Saint Pierre, France.

Plos One
|November 28, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Enhanced parenteral nutrition (PN) in preterm infants can increase the risk of metabolic acidosis. Higher intakes of amino acids and lipids were linked to more severe acidotic disequilibrium, especially in smaller infants.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Intensive Care

Background:

  • Parenteral nutrition (PN) is recommended for very low birth weight infants.
  • Optimized nutritional strategies involve early and substantial protein/energy supply.
  • The impact of enhanced PN on acid-base balance in preterm infants is understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effect of nutrient intake on acid-base homeostasis in preterm infants receiving PN.
  • To investigate the relationship between parenteral nutrition components and metabolic acidosis.
  • To analyze risk factors for acid-base disequilibrium in this population.

Main Methods:

  • Observational study of very preterm infants (gestation ≤29 weeks) during the first week of life.
  • Three cohorts received increasing nutritional intakes via PN.
  • Daily nutrition data correlated with acid-base parameters (pH, base excess, lactate).

Main Results:

  • 161 infants and 795 blood gas data points analyzed.
  • Higher amino acid and lipid intakes were observed in Group 3.
  • Increased parenteral intake of amino acids and lipids correlated with more severe metabolic acidosis (lower base excess).

Conclusions:

  • Nutritional intake significantly influences acid-base homeostasis in preterm infants.
  • Higher and earlier intravenous amino acid and lipid administration increases metabolic acidosis risk.
  • Infants born at 24-26 weeks gestation showed greater acidotic disequilibrium and higher bicarbonate needs.
Abstract

More Related Videos

Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs08:58

Development of a Neonatal Piglet Acute Lung Injury Model Recreating the Early Environment of Preterm Infant Lungs

Published on: October 31, 2025

675
Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats07:36

Modeling Encephalopathy of Prematurity Using Prenatal Hypoxia-ischemia with Intra-amniotic Lipopolysaccharide in Rats

Published on: November 20, 2015

11.9K

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption01:23

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Overview and Drug Absorption

Understanding the physiological differences in the pediatric population is crucial for effective pharmacotherapy. Neonates, infants, and children exhibit significant variations in gastric pH, gastric emptying time, intestinal transit time, and biliary function. These variations profoundly affect oral drug absorption, necessitating a nuanced approach to pediatric dosing.Neonates present with a unique physiological profile, having a gastric pH greater than 4 and faster and more irregular gastric...
324
Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition01:27

Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition

Parenteral Nutrition (PN) delivers essential nutrients directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. It is commonly used for individuals with severe digestive disorders or conditions that prevent normal nutrient absorption.
PN can be administered through two primary routes:
1. Central Parenteral Nutrition (CPN):
CPN involves delivering a high concentration of nutrients through a large vein. This is typically achieved using a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) or,...
1.1K
Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding01:15

Enteral Nutrition II: Nasointestinal and Gastrostomy Feeding

Enteral nutrition encompasses various methods of delivering nutrition directly to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, bypassing traditional oral intake. It is particularly beneficial for patients who cannot eat by mouth but have a functioning digestive system. Key methods include nasointestinal feeding, gastrostomy, and jejunostomy, each suited to different clinical scenarios based on the patient's needs and condition.
Nasointestinal Feeding
Nasointestinal feeding involves placing a tube...
1.1K
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism01:24

Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism

In pediatric care, understanding the nuances of hepatic drug metabolism is crucial, as it significantly differs from that of adults. This divergence is primarily due to the developmental stage of drug-metabolizing enzymes, which affects how medications are processed in the body. In neonates, for instance, the activity of Phase I enzymes—critical for the initial breakdown of drugs—is markedly reduced, functioning at just 20–40% of the levels seen in adults. This reduction poses...
257
Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview01:24

Parenteral Anesthetics: Overview

Intravenous anesthetics are drugs administered parenterally to induce anesthesia or sedation. Propofol is a widely used agent formulated as a 1% emulsion in soybean oil, glycerol, and egg phosphatide. It induces rapid anesthesia primarily due to its rapid distribution from the bloodstream to target tissues and is metabolized in the liver. However, it can cause significant pain on injection and hypertriglyceridemia. Fospropofol, a water-based prodrug of propofol, lacks these adverse effects.
784
Diagnosing Acidosis and Alkalosis01:24

Diagnosing Acidosis and Alkalosis

Diagnosing acid-base imbalances involves systematically analyzing arterial blood samples, focusing on three key measurements: pH, bicarbonate (HCO3−) concentration, and carbon dioxide partial pressure (PCO2). This analysis follows a four-step process that helps identify the imbalance's underlying cause and nature.
First, the pH level is assessed to determine whether the blood pH is normal (7.35–7.45), low (acidosis), or high (alkalosis).
Next, the PCO2  and...
1.3K