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Related Concept Videos

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells01:23

Renewal of Intestinal Stem Cells

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The intestinal epithelial lining rapidly renews every 4 to 5 days. The renewal is facilitated by intestinal stem cells (ISCs) located at the base of the crypt– a gland located at the bottom of each villus. ISCs divide asymmetrically to form new stem cells and progenitor daughter cells. The daughter cells are called transit-amplifying (TA) cells which move upwards along the crypt and either differentiate into absorptive cells– the enterocytes or secretory cells– including the...
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Stem cells are undifferentiated cells that divide and produce more stem cells or progenitor cells that differentiate into mature, specialized cell types. All the cells in the body are generated from stem cells in the early embryo, but small populations of stem cells are also present in many adult tissues including the bone marrow, brain, skin, and gut. These adult stem cells typically produce the various cell types found in that tissue—to replace cells that are damaged or to continuously...
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Role Of Notch Signalling In Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:12

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Notch signaling was first discovered in Drosophila melanogaster, where it is involved in cell lineage differentiation. Notch signaling regulates the maintenance and differentiation of intestinal stem cells or ISCs by controlling the expression of atonal homolog 1 or Atoh1. Atoh1 directs cells to differentiate into secretory cells.
Direct cell-to-cell contact is needed for the activation of Notch signaling. The signal is initiated when a notch ligand binds to a receptor on an adjacent cell, also...
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Role of Ephrin-Eph Signalling in Intestinal Stem Cell Renewal01:22

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Erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular carcinoma receptor (Eph) and its ligand, Eph receptor-interacting protein (Ephrin) were first discovered in the human carcinoma cell line, hence the name. Ephrin-Eph interaction guides cells to reach their appropriate location in adult tissues. They also play an essential role in the immune system by helping in immune cell migration, adhesion, and activation. Based on their structure and function, Eph is divided into two classes — EphA and EphB.
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The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Stem Cell Culture01:17

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Stem cell research aims to find ways to use stem cells to regenerate and repair cellular damage. Over time, most adult cells undergo the wear and tear of aging and lose their ability to divide and repair themselves. Stem cells do not display a particular morphology or function. Adult stem cells, which exist as a small subset of cells in most tissues, keep dividing and can differentiate into a number of specialized cells generally formed by that tissue. These cells enable the body to renew and...
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Updated: Feb 18, 2026

Author Spotlight: The 3D Culturing of Organoids from Murine Intestinal Crypts and a Single Stem Cell for Organoid Research
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Author Spotlight: The 3D Culturing of Organoids from Murine Intestinal Crypts and a Single Stem Cell for Organoid Research

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Recent Advances in Intestinal Stem Cells.

Laura R McCabe1, Narayanan Parameswaran1

  • 1Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan.

Current Molecular Biology Reports
|November 28, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are plastic and respond to environmental cues for regeneration. Reserve stem cells and niche cells regulate ISC proliferation and intestinal homeostasis.

Keywords:
Bmi1+CBCLrg5+Wntintestinestem cell

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Establishment of Human Epithelial Enteroids and Colonoids from Whole Tissue and Biopsy
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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Epithelial Biology

Background:

  • The intestinal epithelium undergoes rapid cell turnover, with epithelial cells maturing and undergoing apoptosis within 3-5 days.
  • This continuous renewal is crucial for maintaining the intestinal barrier and overall homeostasis.
  • Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are central to this process, driving the constant generation of new epithelial cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current insights into the regulation of intestinal stem cells (ISCs).
  • To discuss the plasticity and environmental influences on ISC behavior.
  • To highlight the mechanisms maintaining intestinal epithelial homeostasis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on ISC biology and regulation.
  • Analysis of studies investigating ISC niche interactions.
  • Examination of research on the role of microbiome metabolites in ISC function.

Main Results:

  • Lgr5+ ISCs are key to homeostasis, exhibiting asymmetric and symmetric division patterns.
  • Reserve BMI1+ ISCs and other crypt cells can differentiate into Lgr5+ ISCs following injury.
  • Niche cells (Paneth, immune, myofibroblasts) and microbiome metabolites secrete factors that modulate ISC proliferation.

Conclusions:

  • Intestinal stem cells demonstrate significant plasticity.
  • ISCs integrate diverse environmental and niche signals to control proliferation.
  • This adaptability is essential for effective intestinal repair and homeostasis.