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Longer aftershocks duration in extensional tectonic settings.

E Valerio1, P Tizzani2, E Carminati1

  • 1Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tectonic setting is the primary driver of aftershock duration. Aftershock sequences are longer in extensional settings compared to contractional settings due to gravitational forces influencing fault behavior and energy dissipation.

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Area of Science:

  • * Seismology and Tectonophysics
  • * Earth Sciences

Background:

  • * Aftershock decay rates depend on seismogenic region-specific parameters like mainshock magnitude, crustal rheology, and stress changes.
  • * The precise influence of these factors on aftershock sequence duration remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To investigate the primary controls on aftershock sequence duration.
  • * To compare aftershock behavior in different tectonic settings (extensional vs. contractional).

Main Methods:

  • * Utilized two distinct methodologies to analyze aftershock data.
  • * Compared earthquake counts and sequence durations across various tectonic environments.

Main Results:

  • * Aftershock sequences are demonstrably longer and more numerous in extensional tectonic settings than in contractional settings, for a given mainshock magnitude.
  • * Extensional earthquakes involve a combination of gravitational forces and elastic stress release, while contractional earthquakes are primarily driven by elastic stress release.

Conclusions:

  • * Tectonic setting is the dominant factor controlling aftershock duration.
  • * Gravity plays a crucial role in extensional settings, prolonging seismicity until gravitational equilibrium is achieved.
  • * Contractional settings experience faster energy dissipation due to gravitational forces opposing fault motion, leading to shorter aftershock sequences.