Related Experiment Video
Updated: Feb 18, 2026

A Microwave-Assisted Direct Heteroarylation of Ketones Using Transition Metal Catalysis
Published on: February 16, 2020
Coumarin Derivatives Solvent-Free Synthesis under Microwave Irradiation over Heterogeneous Solid Catalysts
Souad Bouasla1,2,3, Juan Amaro-Gahete4, Dolores Esquivel5
1Skikda Higher School of Technological Education, Azzaba 21300, Algeria. souad2004_chem@yahoo.fr.
Abstract:
A suitable methodology of synthesis of coumarin derivatives by Pechmann reaction over heterogeneous solid acid catalysts in a free solvent media under microwave irradiation is described. Resorcinol, phenol and ethyl acetoacetate were selected as model reactants in the Pechmann condensation. The catalytic activity of several materials-Amberlyst-15, zeolite β and sulfonic acid functionalized hybrid silica-in solvent-free microwave-assisted synthesis of the corresponding coumarin derivatives has been investigated in detail. 7-Hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin and 4-methylcoumarin were obtained in 97% and 43% yields, respectively, over Amberlyst-15. This was the most active catalyst in the Pechmann reaction under studied conditions.
Related Concept Videos
Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Photochemical Activation
Cyclohexenones via Michael Addition and Aldol Condensation: The Robinson Annulation
Cycloaddition Reactions: MO Requirements for Thermal Activation
Limitations of Friedel–Crafts Reactions
Reduction of Benzene to Cyclohexane: Catalytic Hydrogenation
Oxymercuration-Reduction of Alkenes

