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Gastritis is marked by disruption of the mucosal barrier that usually protects the stomach tissue from digestive juices and manifests in acute and chronic forms.
In acute gastritis, the gastric mucosa becomes swollen and red and undergoes superficial erosion. Superficial ulceration may lead to bleeding.
In chronic gastritis, persistent or repeated insults lead to chronic inflammatory changes and, eventually, thinning or atrophy of the gastric tissue.
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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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Individuals with Barrett's esophagus are often asymptomatic, but they may experience symptoms commonly associated with GERD, such as heartburn and acid regurgitation. Additional symptoms can include difficulty swallowing, chest pain, unintentional weight loss, blood in the stool (which may appear black, tarry, or bloody), and episodes of vomiting.
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Determining Bile Duct Density in the Mouse Liver
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Alagille Syndrome: An Overview.

Dalacy Jesina

    Neonatal Network : NN
    |November 30, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary

    Alagille syndrome (AGS) is a rare genetic disorder affecting multiple organs, primarily the liver and heart. Early genetic testing in infants with specific symptoms can improve outcomes.

    Area of Science:

    • Genetics
    • Pediatrics
    • Hepatology

    Background:

    • Alagille syndrome (AGS) is a complex, autosomal dominant disorder.
    • It stems from defects in the Notch signaling pathway.
    • AGS impacts multiple organ systems, notably the liver and heart.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To discuss the clinical features of Alagille syndrome.
    • To outline the management strategies for AGS.
    • To highlight the importance of early diagnosis in infants.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of clinical features associated with Alagille syndrome.
    • Discussion of diagnostic considerations, including genetic testing.
    • Overview of current management approaches for affected infants and children.

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    Main Results:

    • AGS presents with liver disease (paucity of bile ducts, cholestasis), cardiac defects (e.g., pulmonary stenosis), and other anomalies (vertebral, ocular, vascular).
    • Variable expression is common, even within families.
    • Persistent hyperbilirubinemia and cardiac defects in NICU infants warrant consideration for AGS genetic testing.

    Conclusions:

    • Early detection and diagnosis of Alagille syndrome are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
    • Genetic testing should be considered for high-risk infants.
    • Comprehensive management addressing multisystem involvement is essential.