Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 17, 2026

Visualization and Quantification of TGFβ/BMP/SMAD Signaling under Different Fluid Shear Stress Conditions using Proximity-Ligation-Assay
11:38

Visualization and Quantification of TGFβ/BMP/SMAD Signaling under Different Fluid Shear Stress Conditions using Proximity-Ligation-Assay

Published on: September 14, 2021

3.8K

TGF-β1 in Vascular Wall Pathology: Unraveling Chronic Venous Insufficiency Pathophysiology

Pedro Serralheiro1,2, Andreia Soares3, Carlos M Costa Almeida4

  • 1Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Colney Ln, Norwich NR47UY, UK. pedro.serralheiro@nnuh.nhs.uk.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences
|December 1, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Transforming growth factor-beta one (TGF-β1) signaling may play a role in chronic venous insufficiency. Understanding TGF-β1 pathways is crucial for managing venous diseases and improving vessel wall health.

Area of Science:

  • Vascular Biology
  • Molecular Medicine
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Chronic venous insufficiency and varicose veins represent a significant socioeconomic burden.
  • Current understanding of venous pathophysiology, particularly the molecular sequence of events, remains limited.
  • Transforming growth factor-beta one (TGF-β1) is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in development and disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of TGF-β1 in venous pathophysiology.
  • To describe the structure, function, activation, and signaling of TGF-β1.
  • To explore how TGF-β1 signaling disturbances contribute to chronic venous insufficiency.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on TGF-β1.
  • Analysis of TGF-β1 structure, function, and signaling pathways.
  • Review of studies linking TGF-β1 to cardiovascular diseases and fibrotic processes.

Main Results:

  • TGF-β1 has diverse roles in embryonic development, adult physiology, and various diseases.
  • Disruptions in TGF-β1 signaling are implicated in fibrotic and cardiovascular pathologies.
  • The review details the molecular mechanisms of TGF-β1 relevant to venous wall pathology.

Conclusions:

  • TGF-β1 signaling pathways are critical for understanding venous pathophysiology.
  • Aberrant TGF-β1 signaling may contribute to the development of chronic venous insufficiency.
  • Further research into TGF-β1 is essential for improved management of venous disorders.

Keywords:
TGF-β1chronic venous insufficiencygrowth factorsinflammationsignal transduction

More Related Videos

Deep Vein Thrombosis Induced by Stasis in Mice Monitored by High Frequency Ultrasonography06:44

Deep Vein Thrombosis Induced by Stasis in Mice Monitored by High Frequency Ultrasonography

Published on: April 13, 2018

10.5K
Mouse Complete Stasis Model of Inferior Vena Cava Thrombosis04:34

Mouse Complete Stasis Model of Inferior Vena Cava Thrombosis

Published on: June 15, 2011

19.0K

Related Concept Videos

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction01:30

Venous Thrombosis I: Introduction

Venous thrombosis, the most common disorder of the veins, involves the formation of a thrombus or blood clot associated with vein inflammation. It can be classified as either superficial vein thrombosis or deep vein thrombosis.Superficial Vein Thrombosis: This involves the formation of a thrombus in a superficial vein, usually the greater or lesser saphenous vein. Though less severe than deep vein thrombosis (DVT), SVT can lead to complications if untreated.Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT): This...
504
Varicose Veins I: Introduction01:26

Varicose Veins I: Introduction

Varicose veins, or varicosities, are abnormally dilated and twisted superficial veins caused by venous valve incompetence. This condition commonly affects the lower extremities, especially the saphenous veins, due to the higher pressure from prolonged standing and walking. However, varicosities can also occur in other areas, such as the esophagus, vulva, spermatic cords, and anorectal region.Etiology and typesPrimary varicose veins, often idiopathic, are more common in women due to inherent...
238
Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:20

Venous Thrombosis II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key difference between Superficial Vein Thrombosis (SVT) and Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) lies in their location and severity.Clinical ManifestationsSVT typically presents with localized pain, tenderness, and redness along the course of a superficial vein, often accompanied by a palpable, cord-like structure under the skin. This condition is usually less dangerous than DVT but can be uncomfortable and may lead to complications such as cellulitis or, rarely, a clot extension into the deep...
357
Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
3.6K
TGF - β Signaling Pathway01:16

TGF - β Signaling Pathway

The TGF-β signaling pathway regulates cell growth, differentiation, adhesion, motility, and development. TGF-β ligands that induce TGF-β signaling are synthesized in their latent form. Several proteases or cell surface receptors such as integrins act upon the latent form, releasing the active ligand. There are three types of mammalian TGF-βs: (TGF-β1, TGF-β2, and TGF-β3) that bind as homodimers or heterodimers to TGF-β receptors. The TGF-β receptors...
10.6K
Venous Return01:04

Venous Return

The circulatory system plays a crucial role in ensuring the optimal functioning of the human body. One of its critical components is venous return - the process that completes the blood circulation cycle. This article will delve into the concept of venous return, how it works, and its significance to our health.
What is Venous Return?
Venous return refers to the rate at which blood flows back to the heart from the body's peripheral veins. It's an integral part of the circulatory system...
12.7K