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Correlation between gamma glutamyltransferase fractions and bone quality.
M Franzini1, A Nesti2, D Panetta3
1Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, Italy
Journal of Biological Regulators and Homeostatic Agents
|December 1, 2017
Summary
Higher levels of the beta fraction of gamma-glutamyltransferase (b-GGT) are linked to poorer bone quality and osteoporosis. This suggests b-GGT may serve as a diagnostic biomarker for fragile bone structures.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Orthopedics
- Bone Metabolism
Background:
- Gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is recognized as a factor influencing bone resorption.
- Understanding GGT's role in bone health is crucial for diagnosing and managing bone-related conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between plasma GGT fractions and bone quality.
- To determine if specific GGT fractions correlate with indicators of bone fragility.
Main Methods:
- Plasma GGT fractions were analyzed using gel-filtration chromatography.
- Bone quality was quantitatively assessed using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) derived parameters: bone volume per total volume (BV/TV) and structure model index (SMI).
- 93 patients undergoing hip replacement or treated for hip fracture were enrolled.
Main Results:
- Patients in the lowest quartile of BV/TV (osteoporotic) exhibited significantly higher levels of the b-GGT fraction compared to those with normal bone density.
- Higher b-GGT values were also observed in patients with bone fragility as defined by SMI.
- A significant correlation was found between elevated b-GGT levels and indicators of poor bone structure.
Conclusions:
- Patients with fragile bone structures demonstrate elevated plasma b-GGT activity.
- Fractional GGT analysis, particularly of the b-GGT fraction, shows potential as a biomarker for diagnosing osteoporosis.
- This finding may lead to novel diagnostic approaches for bone fragility.
