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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Fungal Phylum Microsporidia01:28

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Microsporidia are a group of obligate intracellular fungi that were initially classified as protists but were later reclassified based on phylogenetic, molecular, and structural evidence linking them to the Chytridiomycota. These unicellular, non-motile organisms are highly specialized parasites that infect a wide range of animal hosts, including humans. They have evolved extensive genomic and metabolic reductions, making them highly dependent on their hosts for survival.Morphology and Genomic...
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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
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Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

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Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
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Immunodeficiency Diseases01:25

Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
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Infection01:20

Infection

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When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
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Common Child and Adolescent Cutaneous Infestations and Fungal Infections.

Sherman J Alter1, Megan B McDonald2, Julie Schloemer3

  • 1Division of Infectious Diseases, Dayton Children's Hospital, One Children's Plaza, Dayton, OH; Department of Pediatrics, Wright State University, Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH.

Current Problems in Pediatric and Adolescent Health Care
|December 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Common childhood skin infections like head lice, scabies, and fungal conditions such as tinea are widespread globally. This review covers their epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment for effective management.

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Cutaneous infections and infestations are prevalent in children and adolescents worldwide.
  • Ectoparasitic infestations (head lice, scabies, bed bugs) and fungal infections (Candida, dermatophytes) affect diverse populations.
  • Endemic fungal infections may also manifest with dermatological symptoms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of common pediatric cutaneous infections and infestations.
  • To detail the epidemiology, transmission, and clinical presentations of these conditions.
  • To outline diagnostic approaches, primary prevention strategies, and current therapeutic options.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of epidemiological data.
  • Analysis of clinical manifestations and diagnostic methods.
  • Summary of established prevention and treatment guidelines.

Main Results:

  • Head lice, body lice, scabies, and bed bug infestations are globally distributed.
  • Superficial fungal infections include Candida and dermatophyte infections (tinea capitis, corporis, pedis, unguium).
  • Less common fungal infections like blastomycosis can present with skin findings.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the epidemiology and transmission is crucial for control.
  • Accurate diagnosis and timely intervention are key to managing these common pediatric conditions.
  • Integrated strategies for prevention and treatment are essential for public health.