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Related Concept Videos

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Physical Properties of Amines

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Amines with low molecular weight are usually gaseous at room temperature, while those with high molecular weight are liquid or solids in nature. Usually, low molecular weight amines have a rotten fish-like smell. Diamines typically have a pungent smell. For instance, cadaverine and putrescine, depicted in Figure 1, are two molecules responsible for decaying tissue.
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Plants often form mutualistic relationships with soil-dwelling fungi or bacteria to enhance their roots’ nutrient uptake ability. Root-colonizing fungi (e.g., mycorrhizae) increase a plant’s root surface area, which promotes nutrient absorption. While root-colonizing, nitrogen-fixing bacteria (e.g., rhizobia) convert atmospheric nitrogen (N2) into ammonia (NH3), making nitrogen available to plants for various biological functions. For example, nitrogen is essential for the...
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Phylum Ascomycota, a major division within the subkingdom Dikarya, comprises a diverse range of fungal species, including both unicellular yeasts and filamentous molds such as Aspergillus and Penicillium. These fungi thrive in a variety of habitats, from aquatic ecosystems to terrestrial environments, playing crucial ecological and economic roles.Morphology and ReproductionThe defining characteristic of Ascomycetes, commonly referred to as sac fungi, is the ascus—a sac-like structure that...
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In the presence of an aqueous base and a halogen, primary amides can lose the carbonyl (as carbon dioxide) and undergo rearrangement to form primary amines. This reaction, called the Hofmann rearrangement, can produce primary amines (aryl and alkyl) in high yields without contamination by secondary and tertiary amines.
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Zygomycota, previously classified as a distinct fungal group, are primarily terrestrial, saprophytic molds that play a crucial role as decomposers. Recent phylogenetic studies have revealed that these fungi are now divided into two major clades — Mucoromycota, which includes many symbiotic species, and Zoopagomycota, which primarily consists of parasitic and pathogenic fungi. These groups exhibit distinct ecological roles and reproductive strategies while sharing key structural and...
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Notes on Amanita section Caesareae from Malaysia.

Li-Ping Tang1,2, Su-See Lee3, Nian-Kai Zeng4

  • 1a Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Kunming 650201 , Yunnan , China.

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|December 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study identifies six phylogenetic species of Amanita section Caesareae in Malaysia using morphological and molecular analyses. A new species, Amanita malayensis, is described, enhancing fungal diversity knowledge in Southeast Asia.

Keywords:
AmanitaceaeMalay PeninsulaSoutheast Asiamushroomspecies diversity

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Fungal Taxonomy
  • Molecular Phylogenetics

Background:

  • Amanita section Caesareae is a diverse group of ectomycorrhizal fungi.
  • Previous taxonomic studies in Southeast Asia have been limited.
  • Accurate identification of fungal species is crucial for ecological and conservation studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the diversity of Amanita section Caesareae in Malaysia.
  • To describe new species and clarify the taxonomic status of existing ones.
  • To provide a key for identifying Malaysian species.

Main Methods:

  • Morphological examination of Amanita specimens.
  • Molecular analysis of the nuclear ribosomal DNA (nuc rDNA) partial 28S gene.
  • Molecular analysis of the internal transcriber spacer (ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 = ITS) regions.

Main Results:

  • Six phylogenetic species within Amanita section Caesareae were identified.
  • A new species, Amanita malayensis, is described from Malaysia.
  • Four known species were confirmed: A. aporema, A. javanica, A. princeps, and A. similis.
  • One additional species was recognized but not formally described due to insufficient material.

Conclusions:

  • The study expands the known diversity of Amanita section Caesareae in Malaysia.
  • Integrated morphological and molecular data are essential for fungal taxonomy.
  • A key to Malaysian species of section Caesareae is provided for future research.