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Trapezoidal channels are widely used in irrigation systems due to their cost-effectiveness and efficiency in conveying water. Trapezoidal channels feature a flat bottom and sloping sides, making them stable and easier to construct compared to other shapes. The bottom width and side slope ratio are determined based on the required flow capacity and site conditions. The side slope is kept gentle for unlined channels to prevent soil erosion.Hydraulic parameters in channel design include the flow...
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Irrigation, risk aversion, and water right priority under water supply uncertainty.

Man Li1, Wenchao Xu2, Mark W Rosegrant1

  • 1Environment and Production Technology Division, International Food Policy Research Institute Washington DC USA.

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|December 5, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Water right priority significantly impacts farm irrigation and revenue under uncertain water supply. Senior water rights holders irrigate more land and earn substantially higher profits than junior rights holders.

Keywords:
climate changeirrigated land allocationskewness riskwater rightswater supply uncertainty

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Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Economics
  • Water Resource Management
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Water rights systems, like prior appropriation, dictate water allocation.
  • Water supply uncertainty, influenced by hydroclimate and climate change, poses risks to agriculture.
  • Farmers' risk-bearing ability is linked to their water right's allocative priority.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how water right priority affects land irrigation decisions and economic returns.
  • To model farmers' irrigation behavior under water supply uncertainty.
  • To assess the economic implications of water rights in a changing climate.

Main Methods:

  • Development and application of an economic model.
  • Simulation of farmers' land irrigation decisions and economic returns.
  • Analysis of water supply uncertainty and hydroclimate risk distributions.

Main Results:

  • Optimal irrigated acreage increases with water right priority under specific risk distributions.
  • Senior water rights holders irrigate significantly more land (6x) than junior rights holders.
  • A substantial revenue gap exists, up to $141.4/acre or $55,800/farm, between senior and junior rights holders.

Conclusions:

  • Prior appropriation influences irrigation strategy and profitability.
  • Climate change impacts on water supply will significantly alter agricultural land use profitability under current water sharing mechanisms.
  • Water right priority is a critical factor in agricultural adaptation to climate variability.