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Optofluidic Lab-on-a-Chip Fluorescence Sensor Using Integrated Buried ARROW (bARROW) Waveguides.

Thomas Wall1, Johnny McMurray1, Gopikrishnan Meena2

  • 1Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.

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Summary

New optofluidic sensors using buried anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguides (bARROWs) show significantly higher signal-to-noise ratios for detecting fluorescent microbeads. These bARROW sensors overcome water absorption issues without needing high-temperature annealing.

Keywords:
PECVDSiO2fluorescence sensinglab-on-a-chipoptofluidicswater absorption

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Area of Science:

  • Optofluidics
  • Nanophotonics
  • Biomedical Sensors

Background:

  • Traditional lab-on-a-chip fluorescence sensors often use plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) oxides, which are susceptible to water absorption.
  • This hygroscopic nature of PECVD oxides negatively impacts waveguide performance and sensor signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).
  • Existing anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguide (ARROW) sensors require annealing to mitigate moisture effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate and evaluate novel optofluidic sensors utilizing buried anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguides (bARROWs).
  • To assess the performance of bARROW sensors in detecting fluorescent microbeads compared to conventional single-oxide ARROW sensors.
  • To demonstrate the robustness of bARROWs against water absorption without requiring post-fabrication annealing.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of optofluidic sensors incorporating buried anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguides (bARROWs).
  • Testing sensor performance by detecting fluorescent microbeads in solution.
  • Comparison of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) between bARROW sensors and single-oxide ARROW sensors.

Main Results:

  • BARROWs demonstrated imperviousness to water absorption effects, unlike single-oxide ARROW waveguides.
  • Optofluidic sensors fabricated with bARROWs achieved an average SNR 81.3% higher than single-oxide ARROW sensors.
  • BARROW sensors did not require annealing at 300 °C to achieve high SNR, simplifying the fabrication process.

Conclusions:

  • Buried anti-resonant reflecting optical waveguides (bARROWs) offer a superior platform for optofluidic lab-on-a-chip fluorescence sensors.
  • The bARROW design effectively overcomes the limitations of water absorption in hygroscopic waveguide materials.
  • These advanced sensors provide enhanced detection capabilities with a simplified fabrication process, paving the way for more robust and efficient bioanalytical devices.