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Related Concept Videos

Electrodeposition01:08

Electrodeposition

1.6K
Electrodeposition is a technique used to separate an analyte from interferents by electrochemical processes. Here, the analyte is a metal ion that can be deposited on an electrode immersed in the sample solution. The electrochemical setup consists of an anode and a cathode. When an electric current is applied to the setup, oxidation occurs at the anode. At the cathode, which consists of a large metal surface, metal ions undergo reduction and deposit onto the surface.
Electrodeposition can...
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Acid Halides to Alcohols: LiAlH4 Reduction01:19

Acid Halides to Alcohols: LiAlH4 Reduction

4.0K
Acid halides are reduced to alcohols in the presence of a strong reducing agent like lithium aluminum hydride.
The mechanism proceeds in three steps. First, the nucleophilic hydride ion attacks the carbonyl carbon of the acid halide to form a tetrahedral intermediate. Next, the carbonyl group is re-formed, and the halide ion departs as a leaving group, generating an aldehyde. A second nucleophilic attack by the hydride yields an alkoxide ion, which, upon protonation, gives a primary alcohol as...
4.0K
Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

14.4K
Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
14.4K
Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview01:26

Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview

3.1K
Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
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Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
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Voltaic/Galvanic Cells02:47

Voltaic/Galvanic Cells

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Spontaneous Chemical Reactions
Spontaneous redox reactions occur abundantly in nature. The chemical reaction occurring in a disposable AA battery powering our remote controls is one such example of a spontaneous redox reaction. Another example is the immersion of coiled copper wire into an aqueous silver nitrate solution. The reaction shows a gradual, visually impressive color change from colorless to bright blue and the formation of a grey precipitate on the copper wire. In this experiment,...
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Updated: Feb 17, 2026

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
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Electrocatalytic Alloys for CO2 Reduction.

Jingfu He1, Noah J J Johnson1, Aoxue Huang1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T1Z1, Canada.

Chemsuschem
|December 6, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Developing efficient electrocatalysts for electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) is crucial for renewable energy. This review summarizes mixed-metal alloys, offering guidelines for discovering new CO2 reduction electrocatalysts.

Keywords:
CO2 reductionalloyselectrocatalysiselectrolysisheterogeneous catalysis

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Simple Methods for the Preparation of Non-noble Metal Bulk-electrodes for Electrocatalytic Applications
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Simple Methods for the Preparation of Non-noble Metal Bulk-electrodes for Electrocatalytic Applications

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) using renewable energy is a key global challenge.
  • Efficient electrocatalysts are needed to convert CO2 into valuable fuels and chemicals with high selectivity.
  • While various metals and morphologies have been studied, alloys for CO2 electrocatalysis remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize mixed-metal electrocatalyst compositions evaluated for CO2 reduction.
  • To distill structure-property relationships from existing alloy studies.
  • To provide guidelines for discovering novel alloy electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and summarization of mixed-metal electrocatalyst studies for CO2 reduction.
  • Analysis of structure-property relationships in alloy electrocatalysts.
  • Identification of trends and potential research directions.

Main Results:

  • A survey of mixed-metal electrocatalyst compositions for CO2 reduction is presented.
  • Key structure-property relationships influencing CO2 electrocatalytic performance are highlighted.
  • The potential of alloys to tune active site environments is emphasized.

Conclusions:

  • Alloying offers a promising strategy for designing advanced electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction.
  • Understanding structure-property relationships is essential for rational alloy design.
  • This review aims to guide the discovery of new alloy classes for efficient CO2 electrocatalysis.