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The Arp2/3 Regulatory System and Its Deregulation in Cancer

Nicolas Molinie1, Alexis Gautreau1

  • 1Ecole Polytechnique, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 7654, Palaiseau, France; and Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Life Sciences Center, Dolgoprudny, Russia.

Physiological Reviews
|December 8, 2017
PubMed

Insights

The Arp2/3 complex builds branched actin networks essential for cell movement. This review details its regulators, focusing on how their dysregulation in cancer impacts patient survival.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • The Arp2/3 complex is a conserved machine generating branched actin networks.
  • These networks are crucial for cellular processes like migration and membrane traffic.
  • Activators initiate these networks at cellular membranes, influencing cell dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the structure, function, and regulation of Arp2/3 complex direct regulators.
  • To present recent findings on novel inhibitory proteins and actin branched junction regulation.
  • To provide a global overview of Arp2/3 complex regulation in human cells, comparing normal and cancer contexts.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on Arp2/3 complex regulators.
  • Analysis of structural, functional, and regulatory mechanisms.
  • Comparison of Arp2/3 regulation in untransformed cells versus cancer cells.

Main Results:

  • Detailed overview of proteins that induce or inhibit Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin network initiation.
  • Discussion of regulators controlling the stability of actin branched junctions.
  • Identification of deregulated Arp2/3 systems in various cancers.

Conclusions:

  • Arp2/3 complex regulation is critical for normal cellular functions.
  • Dysregulation of Arp2/3 complex regulators is implicated in cancer progression.
  • Understanding these deregulations offers insights into cancer pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets.

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