Enhanced Turnover for the P450 119 Peroxygenase-Catalyzed Asymmetric Epoxidation of Styrenes by Random Mutagenesis

A randomized library is constructed based on pET30a-CYP119-T214V plasmid. This library of random mutants of CYP119-T214V was screened by means of the reduced CO difference spectra and epoxidation of styrene. By using directed evolution, a new CYP119 quadruple mutant S148P/I161T/K199E/T214V is constructed, expressed, and purified. This quadruple mutant significantly increases the turnover rate and conversion for the asymmetric epoxidation of styrene and its derivatives. The k_cat. value of cis-β-methylstyrene epoxidation catalyzed by the quadruple mutant exhibits an approximately 10-fold increase, relative to the previously reported T213M mutant under the same conditions. This is the first engineered CYP119 peroxygenase for the epoxidation of cis-β-methylstyrene with a high turnover rate. The proposed mechanism, on the basis of a molecular docking study, for the asymmetric epoxidation suggests that the introduction of an acidic amino acid side chain into the active site and a hydrophobic amino acid into the substrate channels of CYP119 peroxygenase might result in high efficiency for the formation of compound I, and its subsequent peroxygenation by reconstructing the hydrogen-bonding interaction and increasing the substrate affinity and access.