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Related Concept Videos

Glucose Transporters01:27

Glucose Transporters

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Glucose transporters facilitate the transport of glucose across the cell membrane. In addition to glucose, some glucose transporters can also aid the movement of other hexoses such as fructose, mannose, and galactose.
Facilitated diffusion-glucose transporters (GLUTs) are encoded by the solute-linked carrier (SLC) family 2, subfamily A gene family, or SLC2A. The 14 GLUT protein members are distributed into three classes:
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Plasma membranes have integral transmembrane proteins involved in facilitated transport. These proteins are collectively referred to as transport proteins, and they function as either channels for the material or as carriers themselves. Channel proteins have hydrophilic domains exposed to the intracellular and extracellular fluids and a hydrophilic channel through their core that provides a hydrated opening for solutes to pass through the membrane layers. Passage through the channel allows...
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Complex carbohydrates consumed cannot be absorbed into the small intestine in their original form. First, they must be hydrolyzed to a monosaccharide form such as glucose or galactose. These monosaccharides are then transported across the intestinal membrane and into the blood via transcellular transport. The intestinal epithelial cells allow the movement of these monosaccharides with a defined 'entry' through membrane transporter proteins present on their apical membrane and...
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Glucose Uptake in Heterologous Expression Systems.

Eunice E Lee1, Richard C Wang2

  • 1Department of Dermatology, NL08.110FB, UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|December 9, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Viral vectors enable stable expression of glucose transporter type 1 (GLUT1) in mammalian cells. This allows researchers to study how GLUT1 mutations affect glucose transport, advancing our understanding of glucose regulation.

Keywords:
2-Deoxyglucose2DG uptakeGLUT1Glucose uptakeMammalian cellsRadiolabeled glucoseRetroviral transduction

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Molecular Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Glucose transport is crucial for cellular energy.
  • The glucose transporter type 1 (GLUT1) plays a key role in glucose uptake.
  • Understanding GLUT1 regulation is vital for physiological studies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate the utility of viral vectors for expressing GLUT1 variants.
  • To provide a method for analyzing the impact of GLUT1 mutations on glucose transport.
  • To establish techniques applicable to other glucose transporters.

Main Methods:

  • Stable expression of wild-type and mutant GLUT1 using viral vectors in mammalian cells.
  • Confirmation of GLUT1 allele expression via Western blotting.
  • Quantification of glucose transport rates using a radiolabeled glucose assay.

Main Results:

  • Viral vectors successfully facilitated stable GLUT1 expression in various cell types.
  • Western blotting confirmed successful expression of introduced GLUT1 alleles.
  • The described methods allow for the measurement of mutation-specific effects on glucose transport.

Conclusions:

  • Viral vector-mediated expression is a robust method for studying GLUT1.
  • This approach facilitates the investigation of GLUT1's physiological regulation.
  • The techniques are adaptable for studying other glucose transporter family members.