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Properties of Organometallic Compounds

Properties of Organometallic Compounds

Organometallic compounds are compounds that contain a carbon–metal bond. Carbon belongs to an organyl group like alkyl, aryl, allyl, or benzyl groups. The metal can be from Group I or Group II of the periodic table, a transition metal, or a semimetal.

Properties of Transition Metals

Properties of Transition Metals

Transition metals are defined as those elements that have partially filled d orbitals. As shown in Figure 1, the d-block elements in groups 3–12 are transition elements. The f-block elements, also called inner transition metals (the lanthanides and actinides), also meet this criterion because the d orbital is partially occupied before the f orbitals.

Catalysis

Catalysis

The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.

Metal-Ligand Bonds

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...

Bonding in Metals

Bonding in Metals

Metallic bonds are formed between two metal atoms. A simplified model to describe metallic bonding has been developed by Paul Drüde called the “Electron Sea Model”.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 17, 2026

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

Published on: April 10, 2018

Intermetallic: A Pseudoelement for Catalysis.

A P Tsai^1,2, S Kameoka¹, K Nozawa³

¹Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University , Sendai 980-8577, Japan.

Accounts of Chemical Research

|December 9, 2017

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

PdZn and PdCd intermetallics show high CO2 selectivity in methanol steam reforming, mimicking copper

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Last Updated: Feb 17, 2026

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

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Co-localizing Kelvin Probe Force Microscopy with Other Microscopies and Spectroscopies: Selected Applications in Corrosion Characterization of Alloys

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Synthesis of Bimetallic Pt/Sn-based Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids

Synthesis of Bimetallic Pt/Sn-based Nanoparticles in Ionic Liquids

Published on: August 23, 2018

Area of Science:

Materials Science
Catalysis
Physical Chemistry

Background:

Understanding the relationship between electronic structure and catalytic selectivity is crucial for designing efficient catalysts.
Methanol steam reforming (SRM) is an important reaction for hydrogen production, with CO2 selectivity being a key performance indicator.

Purpose of the Study:

To establish a clear correlation between the electronic structure of intermetallic compounds and their CO2 selectivity in SRM.
To explore the potential of non-precious metal-based catalysts as alternatives to copper-based catalysts.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of PdZn, PtZn, NiZn, and PdCd intermetallic powders.
High-resolution hard X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (HXPS) for electronic structure analysis.
Density functional theory (DFT) calculations for electronic structure and surface stability.
Catalytic testing of SRM reaction for CO2 selectivity.

Main Results:

PdZn and PdCd exhibit electronic structures and CO2 selectivity similar to copper, despite not containing copper.
A strong correlation was found between the interval between the Fermi level and the top of the d band and CO2 selectivity.
DFT calculations identified stable (111) and (100) surfaces for PdZn, PtZn, and NiZn.

Conclusions:

PdZn and PdCd can be considered as 'pseudoelements' of copper based on their electronic structure and catalytic performance.
The concept of 'like electronic structure, like catalysis' provides a pathway to design new catalysts by replacing precious metals with base metals.
This approach offers a promising strategy for understanding catalytic mechanisms and intentionally designing catalysts for specific reactions.