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Detecting Topological Transitions in Two Dimensions by Hamiltonian Evolution.

Wei-Wei Zhang1,2,3,4, Barry C Sanders2,3,5,6, Simon Apers7

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China.

Physical Review Letters
|December 9, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

We discovered that the behavior of two-component particles in a spin-orbit lattice reveals topological phase transitions. A kink in particle distribution width signals band gap closure, indicating these quantum phase transitions for ultracold atoms and photonic systems.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Mechanics
  • Atomic Physics

Background:

  • Topological phases of matter exhibit unique properties distinct from conventional phases.
  • Understanding transitions between topological phases is crucial for quantum technologies.
  • Spin-orbit interactions play a key role in defining topological properties in quantum systems.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate topological phase transitions in two-component particles.
  • To identify experimental signatures of these transitions.
  • To explore the application of these findings in ultracold atom and photonic systems.

Main Methods:

  • Simulating the evolution of two-component particles using a 2D spin-orbit lattice Hamiltonian.
  • Analyzing the mean width of the particle distribution to detect band gap closure.
  • Examining the particle density profile for characteristic features in different topological phases.

Main Results:

  • A kink in the mean width of the particle distribution indicates the closing of the band gap, signaling a topological phase transition.
  • Topologically nontrivial phases exhibit distinct ring-like structures in their density profiles near the origin.
  • These ring structures are absent in trivial topological phases.

Conclusions:

  • The study provides a clear method for identifying topological phase transitions in quantum systems.
  • The findings offer practical insights for experimental realization using ultracold atoms and photonic lattices.
  • This work advances the understanding and control of topological phases in condensed matter and quantum optics.