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Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

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Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
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Bone Remodeling01:40

Bone Remodeling

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Bone remodeling is a continuous and balanced process of bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by osteoblasts. In adults, it helps maintain bone mass and calcium homeostasis. While mechanical stress can stimulate turnover as part of the normal maintenance and reparative process, several hormones also regulate bone remodeling.
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Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Hormones and Bone Tissue01:17

Hormones and Bone Tissue

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The endocrine system produces and secretes hormones, which interact with the skeletal system. These hormones control bone growth, maintain bone once it is formed, and remodel it.
Hormones That Influence Osteoblasts and/or Maintain the Matrix
Several hormones are necessary for controlling bone growth and maintaining the bone matrix. The pituitary gland secretes growth hormone (GH), which, as its name implies, controls bone growth. This happens in several ways: first, it triggers chondrocyte...
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What is the Skeletal System?01:02

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Overview
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Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health01:25

Role of Vitamins in Maintaining Bone Health

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The growth and maintenance of bone are regulated by a combination of nutritional factors, including vitamins, such as vitamin A, B12, C, D, and K.
Vitamin A
Vitamin A is involved in the process of bone remodeling. Retinoic acid, the active metabolite of Vitamin A, has nuclear receptors in osteoblasts and osteoclasts, which are involved in bone remodeling.
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Vitamin B12 acts as a cofactor during the formation of osteoblast-related proteins, such as osteocalcin. Vitamin B12 plays a role...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 17, 2026

Author Spotlight: Integrating Traditional Chinese Medicine with Modern Pharmacology and Genomics for Assessing Postmenopausal Osteoporosis in Mice
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Osteoporosis.

Nelson B Watts

    Postgraduate Medicine
    |December 9, 2017
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Bone loss is common with aging, but osteoporotic fractures are preventable. Advances in osteoporosis diagnosis and treatment help identify at-risk patients and offer methods to preserve bone mass.

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    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Orthopedics
    • Endocrinology

    Background:

    • Bone mass naturally decreases with age, increasing fracture risk.
    • Osteoporotic fractures pose significant health challenges, particularly in aging populations.
    • Despite commonality, age-related bone loss and fractures are not inevitable.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review recent advancements in osteoporosis diagnosis.
    • To discuss current and emerging treatments for osteoporosis.
    • To highlight strategies for preventing bone loss and fractures in aging individuals.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of current literature on osteoporosis diagnosis and treatment.
    • Discussion of bone density measurement techniques for risk assessment.
    • Overview of established and experimental therapeutic interventions.

    Main Results:

    • Bone-density measurements effectively identify patients at high risk for osteoporotic fractures.
    • Numerous treatment methods exist to prevent bone loss.
    • Emerging therapies show promise in increasing bone mass.

    Conclusions:

    • Osteoporotic fractures can be prevented in aging individuals.
    • Early diagnosis through bone density testing is crucial.
    • A combination of diagnostic and therapeutic advances offers effective osteoporosis management.