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Sexual Identity, Adverse Childhood Experiences, and Suicidal Behaviors
Kristen Clements-Nolle1, Taylor Lensch1, Amberlee Baxa2
1School of Community Health Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, Nevada.
Summary
Lesbian, gay, bisexual (LGB) and unsure students face higher risks of suicidal behaviors, especially with adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Increased ACEs significantly elevate suicide ideation and attempts in these youth.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Public Health
- Sociology
Background:
- Sexual identity and adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are critical factors influencing adolescent mental health.
- Understanding the interplay between sexual minority status and childhood trauma is vital for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the combined impact of sexual identity and ACEs on suicidal behaviors among high school students.
- To identify specific risk patterns for lesbian, gay, bisexual (LGB) and unsure students exposed to ACEs.
Main Methods:
- A population-based sample of 4,955 high school students was analyzed using a two-stage cluster random sampling design.
- Sexual identity was categorized into heterosexual, LGB, and unsure groups. ACE scores were calculated based on childhood abuse and household dysfunction.
- Weighted logistic regression models assessed the influence of sexual identity, ACEs, and their interaction on suicide ideation and attempts.
Main Results:
- LGB and unsure students reported significantly higher odds of suicide ideation and attempts compared to heterosexual students.
- A dose-response relationship was observed between the number of ACEs and the prevalence of suicidal behaviors.
- While no significant interaction was found, LGB/unsure students with high ACE scores (3-5) showed disproportionately elevated risks for suicidal ideation and attempts.
Conclusions:
- Adolescents identifying as LGB or unsure, particularly those with multiple ACEs, experience disproportionately high rates of suicidal behaviors.
- Trauma-informed interventions are crucial for supporting the mental health and well-being of LGB/unsure youth exposed to adverse childhood experiences.
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