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Decellularised conjunctiva for ocular surface reconstruction.

Joana Witt1, Sonja Mertsch1, Maria Borrelli1

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Duesseldorf, Heinrich-Heine-University, Germany.

Acta Biomaterialia
|December 12, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Porcine and human decellularized conjunctiva (PDC and HDC) show promise for ocular surface reconstruction. These tissues offer superior integration and stability compared to amniotic membrane (AM) in vivo.

Keywords:
Amniotic membraneConjunctival reconstructionHuman decellularised conjunctivaPorcine decellularised conjunctiva

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Biomaterials

Background:

  • Conjunctival reconstruction is vital for ocular surface restoration.
  • Limitations of current substitutes like amniotic membrane (AM) necessitate novel materials.
  • Decellularized tissues are increasingly used in clinical tissue engineering.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate porcine decellularized conjunctiva (PDC) and human decellularized conjunctiva (HDC) as substitutes for conjunctival reconstruction.
  • To compare the properties and in vivo performance of PDC and HDC against AM.
  • To assess the biocompatibility and integration of decellularized conjunctiva grafts.

Main Methods:

  • Decellularization of porcine and human conjunctiva.
  • DNA quantification, histology, and transmission electron microscopy for structural integrity and DNA removal.
  • Biomechanical testing (extensibility, elasticity, tensile strength) and cytotoxicity assays.
  • In vivo implantation in a rabbit model to evaluate transplant stability, suture retention, inflammation, and integration.

Main Results:

  • PDC and HDC were nearly DNA-free, structurally intact, and non-cytotoxic.
  • Decellularized conjunctiva exhibited greater extensibility and elasticity than AM, but lower tensile strength.
  • In vivo, PDC and HDC showed enhanced transplant stability and reduced suture loss compared to AM.
  • Complete integration into recipient conjunctiva was observed in all PDC and 4/6 HDC grafts by day 10, versus none for AM.

Conclusions:

  • Decellularized conjunctiva (porcine and human origin) are promising, biocompatible scaffolds for conjunctival reconstruction.
  • These materials demonstrate superior in vivo integration and stability compared to amniotic membrane.
  • Decellularized conjunctiva represents a viable alternative for ocular surface restoration in ophthalmology.