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Severe piperacillin-tazobactam-induced hemolysis in a cystic fibrosis patient

Andrew D Kerkhoff1, Lauren Patrick2, Patricia Cornett1

  • 1Department of Medicine University of California San Francisco School of Medicine San Francisco California.

Clinical Case Reports
|December 12, 2017
PubMed

Insights

Piperacillin-tazobactam frequently causes drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia (DIIHA), particularly in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. This case highlights a severe DIIHA instance and offers management strategies for CF individuals.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Hematology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Piperacillin-tazobactam is a widely used antibiotic, especially in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients.
  • Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia (DIIHA) is a known adverse effect of piperacillin-tazobactam.
  • CF patients may have unique considerations regarding antibiotic-induced complications.

Observation:

  • A 30-year-old female patient with CF developed life-threatening DIIHA.
  • The DIIHA was directly associated with piperacillin-tazobactam administration.
  • This case underscores the severity of DIIHA in this patient population.

Findings:

  • Piperacillin-tazobactam can precipitate severe, life-threatening DIIHA.
  • Early recognition and prompt management are critical for patient survival.
  • Specific management protocols may be beneficial for CF patients experiencing DIIHA.

Implications:

  • Healthcare providers should maintain a high index of suspicion for DIIHA in CF patients receiving piperacillin-tazobactam.
  • Development of tailored management guidelines for piperacillin-tazobactam-associated DIIHA in CF patients is warranted.
  • Further research into the mechanisms and prevention of DIIHA in this vulnerable population is needed.
Keywords:
Anemiacystic fibrosishemolysispiperacillintazobactam

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