[IMMUNE SYSTEM INTERNSHIP WITH SYMBIOTIC MICROORGANISMS IN GNOTOBIOTIC ANIMAL'S INTESTINUM ILEUM]

Area of Science:

• Immunology
• Microbiology
• Gastroenterology

Background:

• The small intestine mucosa harbors complex immune structures crucial for host-microbe interactions.
• Two distinct immune responses, acceptive and protective, manage the relationship with gut microbes.

Purpose of the Study:

• To compare acceptive and protective immune responses in the small intestine ileum mucosa.
• To elucidate the distinct roles of these immune systems in maintaining gut homeostasis.

Main Methods:

• Comparative analysis of immune structures in the ileum mucosa.
• Observation of immune reactions in gnotobiotic (aseptic) animals.

Main Results:

• Acceptive immune reactions, observed in gnotobiotes, promote a physiological state without inflammation.
• Symbiotic reactions involve mucosa epithelial cells and cells mediating adaptive and innate immunity.
• Protective immunity functions primarily in the elimination of foreign microbes.

Conclusions:

• Acceptive immunity supports a symbiotic relationship (biocenosis) with microbes.
• Protective immunity's main role is microbial elimination.
• Distinct immune strategies maintain the delicate balance between the host and its microbiota.