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Updated: Feb 17, 2026

3D Planning and Printing of Patient Specific Implants for Reconstruction of Bony Defects
Published on: August 4, 2020
Mahmoud A Hafez1, Kirti Moholkar2
1The Orthopaedic Department, Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, Cairo, Egypt.
Patient-specific instruments (PSI) enhance total knee replacement (TKR) accuracy through computer planning. Clinical experience reveals PSI offers benefits but also presents logistical and technical challenges in TKR procedures.
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