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Updated: Feb 17, 2026
Protein Kinase C-delta Inhibitor Peptide Formulation using Gold Nanoparticles
Published on: March 9, 2019
A priming dose protects against gold nanoparticles-induced proinflammatory cytokines mRNA expression in mice
Khalid Elfaki Ibrahim1, Amel Omer Bakhiet2, Maaweya Elaeed Awadalla3
1Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Aim:
To study the effect of priming doses of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) on proinflammatory cytokines in different organs of mice.
Materials & Methods:
Mice were injected with a single or two doses (priming group) of GNPs (5, 20 and 50 nm) and sacrificed after 1 or 7 days. The mRNA expressions of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α were determined in liver, kidney and spleen.
Results:
A single injection of 5 nm GNPs significantly increased the mRNA expressions of IL-1β and IL-6 in liver, which were normalized on day 7. In spleen, the GNPs of all sizes significantly increased IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA expressions on day 1 that persisted on day 7. The priming dose of GNPs protected the animals against the acute phase induction of IL-1β and IL-6 expressions in liver and spleen.
Conclusion:
Primed animals showed protection against GNP-induced acute immune activation suggesting the importance of the priming dose in nanomedicine.
