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Related Concept Videos

Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

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Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
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Drug Toxicity: Allergic Reactions01:30

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Drug-related allergies are immune-mediated responses triggered by the administration of pharmacological agents. These hypersensitivity reactions are classified based on the immune mechanisms involved. The four primary types—Type I, II, III, and IV—are mediated by different immunological pathways and exhibit distinct clinical manifestations.Type I Hypersensitivity/ IgE-Mediated Reactions: Immunoglobulin E (IgE) immediately mediates Type I hypersensitivity reactions. Upon initial...
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Accessory Structures of the Skin: Sebaceous Glands01:21

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A sebaceous gland is a type of oil gland found almost all over the skin ( except palms and soles) and helps lubricate and waterproof the skin and hair. Most sebaceous glands are associated with hair follicles. They generate and excrete sebum, a mixture of lipids, onto the skin surface, thereby naturally lubricating the dry and dead layer of keratinized cells of the stratum corneum, keeping it pliable.
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Autoimmune Disorders01:29

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
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Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

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The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
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Subcutaneous Infection of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus MRSA
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Staphylococcus aureus and Atopic Dermatitis: A Complex and Evolving Relationship.

Joan A Geoghegan1, Alan D Irvine2, Timothy J Foster1

  • 1Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, School of Genetics and Microbiology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland.

Trends in Microbiology
|December 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) overgrowth and specific strain enrichment occur in atopic dermatitis (AD) flares, disrupting the skin microbiome. Targeted therapies are emerging to combat S. aureus in AD.

Keywords:
adhesionclumping factoreczema flaremicrobiotasuperantigenstoxins

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Dermatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) skin colonization.
  • Skin microbial diversity is reduced, and S. aureus is enriched during AD flares.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of S. aureus in atopic dermatitis pathogenesis.
  • To characterize S. aureus strains and virulence factors in AD patients.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of skin microbiota composition in AD patients.
  • Identification and characterization of S. aureus strains and their expressed molecules.
  • Investigation of bacterial adherence mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • S. aureus, particularly clonal complex 1 (CC1) strains, are enriched in AD patients.
  • Reduced abundance of S. aureus inhibitory species observed.
  • S. aureus expresses virulence factors like toxins and proteases contributing to AD symptoms.
  • S. aureus adheres to AD corneocytes via clumping factor B.

Conclusions:

  • S. aureus plays a significant role in AD pathogenesis through specific strain enrichment and virulence factor expression.
  • Microbiome disruption favors S. aureus colonization in AD.
  • Novel therapies targeting S. aureus and inflammatory pathways show promise for AD treatment.