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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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In Silico Identification and Characterization of circRNAs During Host-Pathogen Interactions
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Long Non-Coding RNAs: Emerging and Versatile Regulators in Host-Virus Interactions.

Xing-Yu Meng1, Yuzi Luo1, Muhammad Naveed Anwar1

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China.

Frontiers in Immunology
|December 14, 2017
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) regulate immune and antiviral responses. This review explores how host and viral lncRNAs impact host-virus interactions, influencing immunity and viral replication.

Keywords:
antiviral responselong non-coding RNAsregulatory mechanismsviral replicationvirus–host interactions

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Immunology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are key regulators in cellular processes.
  • Emerging evidence highlights lncRNAs' crucial roles in immune and antiviral responses.
  • Both host and viral lncRNAs significantly influence host-pathogen interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current findings on host- and virus-encoded lncRNAs in host-virus interactions.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms underlying lncRNA involvement in immunity and viral replication.
  • To highlight the critical roles of lncRNAs in the complex interplay between hosts and viruses.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on lncRNAs in host-virus interactions.
  • Analysis of mechanisms by which lncRNAs modulate immune checkpoints and viral life cycles.
  • Synthesis of information on lncRNA functions in innate immunity, IFN responses, and apoptosis.

Main Results:

  • lncRNAs act as positive or negative regulators of immune and antiviral responses.
  • Immunity-associated lncRNAs modulate key signaling components like interleukins (ILs) and interferons (IFNs).
  • Viral lncRNAs can inhibit host defenses or hijack host lncRNAs to promote infection.

Conclusions:

  • lncRNAs are central players in host-virus interactions, affecting immune surveillance and viral pathogenesis.
  • Understanding lncRNA functions offers new insights into antiviral strategies.
  • lncRNAs represent a promising area for therapeutic development against viral infections.