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Related Concept Videos

Disorders of Leukocytes01:27

Disorders of Leukocytes

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Leukocyte disorders can lead to either leukopenia, characterized by an abnormally low leukocyte count, or leukocytosis, marked by a very high leukocyte number.
Leukopenia may result from bone marrow disorders, autoimmune diseases, and infectious diseases. For example, conditions such as multiple myeloma and aplastic anemia can impair the bone marrow's ability to produce adequate leukocytes. Similarly, autoimmune diseases like lupus and viral infections such as HIV can prompt the immune...
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Comprehensive Protocol to Sample and Process Bone Marrow for Measuring Measurable Residual Disease and Leukemic Stem Cells in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
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HAEMATOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION OF A MULTIPLE CASE LEUCOSIS HERD.

Corinne K Dimmock1, P D Waugh1, R J Rogers1

  • 1*Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Animal Research Institute, Yeerongpilly, 4105†Queensland Department of Primary Industries, Veterinary Services Branch, Brisbane, 4000.

Australian Veterinary Journal
|December 14, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Persistent lymphocytosis (PL) in cattle may indicate lymphosarcoma risk. Culling PL-positive animals initially reduced herd incidence, but stopping the program led to an increase, highlighting the need for ongoing monitoring in dairy herds.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Animal Oncology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Lymphosarcoma causes significant mortality in adult cattle.
  • Persistent lymphocytosis (PL) has been associated with lymphosarcoma in dairy herds.
  • A Queensland dairy herd experienced recurrent deaths attributed to lymphosarcoma.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify cattle with persistent lymphocytosis (PL) in a dairy herd with a history of lymphosarcoma.
  • To assess the impact of culling on the prevalence of lymphocytosis.
  • To evaluate the association between lymphocytosis and lymphosarcoma development.

Main Methods:

  • Regular blood sampling of adult cattle over a 4-year period.
  • Hematological analysis to identify persistent lymphocytosis (PL).
  • Culling of animals identified with hematological abnormalities.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-one of 94 eligible cattle (sampled ≥6 times) exhibited persistent lymphocytosis (PL).
  • Initial lymphocytosis prevalence was 27%, reduced to 5.3% after 18 months of culling.
  • Cessation of culling led to a gradual increase in lymphocytosis prevalence.
  • Four adult cattle deaths from lymphosarcoma occurred within the first 18 months; two had lymphocytosis and two had lymphoblastic leukemia.
  • A calf from a cow with lymphoblastic leukemia also developed the condition and lymphosarcoma by 6 months of age.

Conclusions:

  • Hematological monitoring can identify cattle at risk of developing lymphosarcoma, even without definitive histological evidence.
  • Culling strategies targeting lymphocytosis can reduce herd prevalence.
  • Ongoing surveillance is crucial for managing lymphosarcoma in susceptible dairy herds.