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Qualitative and Quantitative Validation of Tools with Rating Scales Aimed at Assessing the Quality of University Service-Learning
Published on: August 29, 2025
Developing the Clinical Nurse Leader Survey Instrument: A Modified Delphi Study
Miriam Bender1, Alice Avolio, Patricia Baker
1Sue & Bill Gross School of Nursing, University of California, Irvine (Dr Bender); VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, Oregon (Dr Avolio); UT Health School of Nursing, San Antonio, Texas (Ms Baker); University of South Alabama, Mobile (Dr Harris); St Lucie Medical Center, Port St Lucie, Florida (Ms Hilton); Evaluation and Assessment Unit, Department of Health Care Organization and Policy, The University of Alabama at Birmingham (Dr Hites); University of Alabama, Birmingham (Dr Roussel); Maine Medical Center, Portland (Ms Shirley); Kirkhoff College of Nursing, Cook-DeVos Center for Health Sciences, Grand Rapids, Michigan (Dr Thomas); and Central Texas Veterans Health Care System, Temple (Dr Williams).
Abstract:
Clinical nurse leader (CNL)-integrated care delivery is an emerging nursing model, with growing adoption in diverse health systems. To generate a robust evidence base for this promising nursing model, it is necessary to measure CNL practice to explicitly link it to observed quality and safety outcome improvements. This study used a modified Delphi approach with an expert CNL panel to develop and test the face, content, and construct validity of the CNL Practice Survey instrument.
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