Extracellular matrix alterations after blood instillation in tunica albuginea of rats

The cause of Peyronie's disease (PD) is still not completely understood. The objective of this study, therefore, was to analyze the histological and biochemical alterations that occur after the instillation of blood in the tunica albuginea (TA) of rats with an emphasis on the remodeling process of ECM. Thirty male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: two control groups with instillation of distilled water in TA followed by penectomy after 15 days or 45 days, respectively and two experimental groups with instillation of blood in TA followed by penectomy after 15 days or 45 days, respectively. Histological, immunofluorescent and immunohistochemical analyses were performed. The higher presence of fibrotic tissue in rats injected with blood demonstrated alterations in TA similar to inflammation found in PD. The increased expression of TGF-β, MMP9, HPSE, and biglycan associated with the decreased expression of syndecan-1 and aggrecan in the experimental groups suggested an enhancement in the remodeling of ECM. The results contribute to show that blood instillation on TA appears to trigger alterations in the ECM similar to the ones found in inflammatory diseases such as PD.