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General surgery education across three continents.
Craig McIlhenny1, Yo Kurashima2, Carlos Chan3
1Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
American Journal of Surgery
|December 17, 2017
Summary
US surgical training has evolved from the traditional Halstedian model to competency-based education using simulators. This review compares US surgical education paradigms with those in the UK, Japan, and Mexico to foster international idea exchange.
Area of Science:
- Medical Education
- Surgical Training
- Comparative Education
Background:
- The traditional 'see one, do one, teach one' surgical training model has been largely replaced in the US.
- Current US surgical education emphasizes ACGME competencies, milestones, and entrustable professional activities (EPAs).
- Surgical skill acquisition increasingly occurs via simulation outside the operating room.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and compare surgical training paradigms in the UK, Japan, and Mexico with the US model.
- To identify international influences on American medical education reforms.
- To promote the exchange of best practices in global surgical education.
Main Methods:
- Comparative review of surgical training systems.
- Analysis of educational structures and methodologies in the UK, Japan, Mexico, and the US.
- Literature synthesis on international surgical education paradigms.
Main Results:
- Significant shifts in US surgical education have occurred over the last decade.
- International training models have influenced changes in American medical education.
- Key differences and similarities exist between US, UK, Japanese, and Mexican surgical training.
Conclusions:
- Understanding diverse international surgical training paradigms offers valuable insights for US medical education.
- Comparative analysis can drive innovation and improvement in global surgical competency development.
- Fostering international collaboration is crucial for advancing surgical education worldwide.