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Related Concept Videos

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers01:24

Site-Targeted Drug Delivery Systems: Polymeric Carriers

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Polymeric carriers enhance targeted drug delivery by increasing efficacy while minimizing off-target effects. These carriers comprise a biodegradable polymeric backbone integrated with functional elements that enable targeting, improve physicochemical properties, and regulate drug release.Targeting MechanismsThe targeting ability of polymeric carriers is mediated by a homing device, which is a molecular recognition component designed to selectively bind to specific tissues or cells. Monoclonal...
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Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview01:20

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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...
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Site-targeted drug delivery systems enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing systemic toxicity and treatment costs. Unlike conventional methods, these systems ensure precise drug delivery, improving bioavailability and reducing side effects. Targeted drug delivery is classified into three levels. First-order targeting directs drugs to the capillary beds of specific organs or tissues. Second-order targets specific cell types, such as tumor cells, using receptor-mediated interactions.
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Polymers02:34

Polymers

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The word polymer is derived from the Greek words “poly” which means “many” and “mer” which means “parts”. Polymers are long chains of molecules composed of repeating units of smaller molecules, known as monomers. They either occur naturally, such as DNA and proteins, or can be constructed synthetically, like plastics. They have varied structural characteristics, such as linear chains, branched chains, or complex networks, that contribute to the...
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Modified-Release Drug Delivery Systems: Rate-Programmed II01:19

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Rate-programmed drug delivery systems release drugs in a controlled manner to maintain therapeutic levels. Three main designs include reservoir, matrix, and hybrid systems.Reservoir systems consist of a drug core enclosed within a membrane that controls drug release. In non-swelling reservoir systems, polymers like ethyl cellulose or polymethacrylates are used. These do not hydrate in aqueous media and control release through membrane thickness, porosity, or insolubility. This type includes...
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Polymalic Acid-based Nano Biopolymers for Targeting of Multiple Tumor Markers: An Opportunity for Personalized Medicine?
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Clinically advancing and promising polymer-based therapeutics.

Whitney N Souery1, Corey J Bishop1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, Emerging Technologies Building, 101 Bizzell St., College Station, TX 77843, USA.

Acta Biomaterialia
|December 17, 2017
PubMed
Summary

Polymers have evolved from wartime materials to advanced medical therapeutics. This review explores current and emerging polymer-based treatments across various medical fields, highlighting potential solutions for unmet patient needs.

Keywords:
Anti-cancerControlled releaseNanomedicinePolymeric drug deliveryTherapeutics

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Medical Therapeutics

Background:

  • Polymers have a rich history, transitioning from World War II applications to sophisticated medical uses.
  • The development of polymer science has enabled novel therapeutic strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the evolution of polymers in medicine.
  • To classify current and developing polymer-based therapeutics by targeted medical systems.
  • To identify areas where polymers can address unmet clinical needs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of polymer-based therapeutics.
  • Classification of technologies by targeted organ systems (CNS, intraocular, GI, cardiovascular, dermal, reproductive, skeletal, neoplastic).
  • Analysis of clinically available and in-development therapies.

Main Results:

  • Examples of novel, clinically available polymer therapeutics are presented for each targeted area.
  • Emerging polymer-based therapies in various stages of development (in vivo to clinical trials) are discussed.
  • The review categorizes polymer applications across diverse medical specialties.

Conclusions:

  • Polymer-based therapeutics offer significant potential for improving patient care.
  • Targeted polymer solutions are needed for various conditions, including CNS disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer.
  • Further research and development in polymer therapeutics can lead to more effective and accessible treatments.