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The effects of trait impulsivity on proactive and reactive interference control.
Ling Xiang1, Yan Chen1, Antao Chen2
1School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, 330022 Nanchang, China; Laboratory of Psychology and Cognition Science of Jiangxi, Jiangxi Normal University, 330022 Nanchang, China.
Brain Research
|December 17, 2017
Summary
High impulsivity impairs reactive interference control but not proactive control, suggesting impulsivity negatively impacts reactive control more than proactive control.
Area of Science:
- Cognitive Neuroscience
- Neuropsychology
Background:
- Trait impulsivity is a key factor in behavioral regulation.
- Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying impulsivity's effect on cognitive control is crucial.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the differential impact of trait impulsivity on proactive and reactive interference control.
- To explore the neural correlates using event-related brain potentials (ERPs).
Main Methods:
- Utilized event-related brain potentials (ERPs) and a modified prime-target interference task.
- Compared high impulsivity (HI) and low impulsivity (LI) individuals in mostly incongruent (MI) and mostly congruent (MC) contexts.
- Analyzed medial frontal negativity (MFN), negative sustained potential (N-SP), and positive sustained potential (P-SP).
Main Results:
- Behavioral data showed no significant differences in interference effects between HI and LI groups.
- ERP results indicated impulsivity differentially affected interference control based on context.
- HI individuals showed altered MFN, N-SP, and P-SP in the MC context, suggesting reduced reactive control efficiency.
- ERP indices were insensitive to impulsivity in the MI context, suggesting intact proactive control.
Conclusions:
- Impulsivity negatively influences reactive interference control more than proactive interference control.
- High impulsivity may be associated with less efficient reactive control processes.
- Proactive control appears less affected by trait impulsivity, possibly due to effective goal maintenance.
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