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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

Types of RNA

Types of RNA

Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...

Types of RNA

Types of RNA

Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR

Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR

Published on: March 1, 2019

Nuclear Long Noncoding RNAs: Key Regulators of Gene Expression.

Qinyu Sun¹, Qinyu Hao¹, Kannanganattu V Prasanth²

¹Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 601 S Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL 61801, USA; These authors contributing equally.

Trends in Genetics : TIG

|December 19, 2017

Summary

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in the nucleus, influencing gene expression and nuclear organization. This review highlights lncRNA functions, focusing on metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1).

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Last Updated: Feb 16, 2026

Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR

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Published on: March 1, 2019

RNA Pull-down Procedure to Identify RNA Targets of a Long Non-coding RNA

RNA Pull-down Procedure to Identify RNA Targets of a Long Non-coding RNA

Published on: April 10, 2018

Chromatin Isolation by RNA Purification ChIRP

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Published on: March 25, 2012

Area of Science:

Molecular Biology
Genomics
Cell Biology

Background:

The human genome extensively transcribes long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs).
Many lncRNAs are nuclear, impacting chromatin organization and gene expression.
lncRNAs serve as structural components of nuclear domains.

Purpose of the Study:

To review recent findings on lncRNA roles in nuclear organization and gene regulation in mammals.
To update knowledge on the metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) lncRNA's function.

Main Methods:

Literature review of recent studies on lncRNA function.
Focus on nuclear lncRNAs and their impact on gene expression and chromatin.
Specific examination of metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1).

Main Results:

Nuclear lncRNAs are integral to chromatin organization and gene expression control.
lncRNAs act as scaffolds for nuclear architecture.
Metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 (MALAT1) is a key conserved lncRNA involved in gene regulation.

Conclusions:

lncRNAs are critical regulators of nuclear organization and gene expression.
Further research into lncRNA mechanisms, particularly MALAT1, is essential for understanding mammalian cell biology.