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Related Concept Videos

Analgesia and Pain Management01:25

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Pain is critical to various clinical pathologies, provoking an urgent need for effective management. Pain, whether acute or chronic, is a complex neurochemical process. Its alleviation depends on the type, with nonopioid analgesics effective for mild to moderate pain, such as musculoskeletal or inflammatory pain, while neuropathic pain responds best to anticonvulsants, tricyclic antidepressants, or serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors. For severe acute or chronic pain, opioids may be...
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Nociception01:44

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Nociception—the ability to feel pain—is essential for an organism’s survival and overall well-being. Noxious stimuli such as piercing pain from a sharp object, heat from an open flame, or contact with corrosive chemicals are first detected by sensory receptors, called nociceptors, located on nerve endings. Nociceptors express ion channels that convert noxious stimuli into electrical signals. When these signals reach the brain via sensory neurons, they are perceived as pain.
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Pain01:20

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Pain serves as a critical warning signal that alerts the body to potential or actual harm. When mechanical pressure on the skin is intense, such as from a sharp pinch, the sensation transitions from touch to pain. Similarly, extreme temperatures, like a hot pot handle, convert the sensation of heat into pain. Pain can also result from overstimulation of other senses, such as blinding light, loud noise, or the intense heat from habañero peppers. This ability to sense pain is essential for...
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Translational Regulation01:29

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Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
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Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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Development of Recombinant Proteins to Treat Chronic Pain
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Translational Control Mechanisms in Persistent Pain.

Arkady Khoutorsky1, Theodore J Price2

  • 1Department of Anesthesia and Alan Edwards Centre for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montréal, QC, H3A 0G1, Canada.

Trends in Neurosciences
|December 19, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Persistent pain affects one-third of the global population and involves nociceptive neuron sensitization. Recent research shows that regulating mRNA translation, not just transcription, is crucial for developing new pain therapeutics.

Keywords:
local protein synthesismRNA translationpainsensitization

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Molecular Biology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Persistent pain affects a significant portion of the global population and is primarily driven by sensitized nociceptive neurons.
  • This sensitization involves complex gene expression changes to sustain heightened pain signaling, even after tissue healing.
  • While gene transcription is important, recent findings emphasize the role of activity-dependent mRNA translation in regulating cellular proteins and persistent pain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent advancements in understanding the translational regulation of gene expression within nociceptive circuits.
  • To identify key signaling pathways and messenger RNA (mRNA) targets involved in persistent pain.
  • To explore the potential of these targets for developing novel pain therapeutics.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent research on translational control in nociceptive neurons.
  • Analysis of signaling pathways and mRNA targets implicated in persistent pain.
  • Synthesis of findings to identify therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

  • Activity-dependent mRNA translation plays a critical role in the cellular proteome and the development/maintenance of persistent pain.
  • Specific signaling pathways and mRNA targets have been identified as key regulators in nociceptive circuits.
  • These identified targets show promise for the development of next-generation pain treatments.

Conclusions:

  • Translational regulation is a key mechanism underlying persistent pain.
  • Targeting specific translational pathways and mRNAs offers a promising avenue for novel pain therapeutics.
  • Further research into these mechanisms could lead to more effective treatments for chronic pain conditions.