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A Case of Infectious Enterocolitis with Hyperammonemia.

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Acute hyperammonemia can occur with infectious enterocolitis, not just urinary tract infections. Urease-producing bacteria are suspected culprits, even if not identified by cultures.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Nephrology

Background:

  • Hyperammonemia is occasionally linked to urease-producing bacteria, typically in urinary tract infections.
  • This case explores a rare instance of hyperammonemia in infectious enterocolitis.

Observation:

  • A Japanese woman in her 70s with microscopic polyangiitis developed severe hyperammonemia and coma during infectious enterocolitis.
  • Her condition improved with antibiotics and ammonia detoxification, ruling out other common causes.

Findings:

  • Despite negative cultures for urease-producing bacteria, the clinical presentation strongly suggested their involvement in the hyperammonemia.
  • This highlights a potential, yet unidentified, bacterial source in the gastrointestinal tract.

Implications:

  • Clinicians should consider urease-producing bacteria as a cause of acute hyperammonemia in infectious enterocolitis.
  • Further research is needed to identify specific urease-producing bacteria involved in gastrointestinal infections and hyperammonemia.