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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

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Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)00:53

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Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
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Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes02:35

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The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
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Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Chain Branching01:17

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The skeletal structure of polymers synthesized via radical polymerization is always branched. For example, the polymerization of ethylene by radical polymerization results in a low-density grade of polyethylene with a heavily branched skeletal structure. Here, the radical site abstracts hydrogen from the growing chain, and the radical site shifts from the end (a primary carbon center) to anywhere within the growing chain (a secondary carbon center). Consequently, the part of the chain from the...
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Polymer Classification: Architecture01:14

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Polymers are classified as linear or branched on the basis of their chain architecture. The polymer chains in linear polymers have a long chain-like structure with minimal to no branching at all. Even if a polymer features large substituent groups on the monomer, which appear as branches to the skeleton, it is not considered a branched polymer. A branched polymer contains secondary polymer chains that arise from the main polymer chain. The branching occurs when the polymer growth shifts from...
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)01:16

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Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
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Synthesis of Programmable Main-chain Liquid-crystalline Elastomers Using a Two-stage Thiol-acrylate Reaction
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Hyperbranched Aliphatic Polyester via Cross-Metathesis Polymerization: Synthesis and Postpolymerization Modification.

Fu-Rong Zeng1, Ji-Mei Ma1, Lin-Hao Sun1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China.

Macromolecular Rapid Communications
|December 19, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a new method for selectively modifying hyperbranched polymers (HBP) using thiol-Michael chemistry. This allows for precise functionalization of terminal and internal acrylates in HBPs, enhancing polymer properties.

Keywords:
cross-metathesishyperbranched polymerspostpolymerization modificationthiol-Michael chemistry

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Area of Science:

  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Organic Synthesis
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Hyperbranched polymers (HBP) offer unique properties due to their complex architecture.
  • Selective functionalization of HBPs is challenging but crucial for tailoring their performance.
  • Existing modification methods often lack chemoselectivity, leading to complex product mixtures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel postpolymerization modification methodology for selective HBP functionalization.
  • To investigate and optimize chemoselective thiol-Michael reactions for modifying terminal and internal acrylates in HBPs.
  • To synthesize terminally and/or internally functionalized HBPs and characterize their thermal properties.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of high-molecular-weight HBP (P0) via cross-metathesis polymerization (CMP) of an AB2 monomer.
  • Optimization of CMP kinetics and microstructure using NMR and gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
  • Chemoselective functionalization of HBP P0 using thiol-Michael chemistry with various thiols and catalysts, employing one-step or sequential modification strategies.

Main Results:

  • Successfully generated high-molecular-weight HBP P0 through optimized CMP.
  • Achieved selective functionalization of terminal and internal acrylates on HBP P0 using thiol-Michael reactions.
  • Synthesized novel functionalized HBPs (P1-P3) with controlled modification patterns.
  • Characterized thermal stability (TGA) and glass transition behavior (DSC) of the modified HBPs.

Conclusions:

  • A versatile and chemoselective postpolymerization modification strategy for HBPs has been established.
  • The developed method enables precise control over the location and extent of functionalization.
  • The functionalized HBPs exhibit altered thermal properties, opening avenues for advanced material applications.