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Cognitive Dysfunction Contributes to Mobility Impairments in Huntington's Disease.

Anne D Kloos1, Deb A Kegelmeyer1, Nora E Fritz1,2

  • 1Division of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.

Journal of Huntington'S Disease
|December 20, 2017
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Summary

Cognitive impairments, particularly executive function deficits, are linked to reduced mobility and balance in Huntington's disease (HD) patients. Interventions should target both motor and cognitive aspects to improve gait and reduce fall risk.

Keywords:
Huntington’s diseaseTinetti mobility testcognitionmotor functionstroopsymbol digit modalities test

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neurology
  • Human Movement Science

Background:

  • Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder impacting mobility and balance.
  • Executive function is crucial for safe ambulation in neurological conditions, but its role in HD mobility decline is understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between mobility, motor, and cognitive functions at baseline in HD patients.
  • To examine the longitudinal associations between mobility and cognitive measures over four years in HD.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective chart review of 70 genetically confirmed HD patients (age 20-75).
  • Analysis of correlations between Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale (UHDRS) motor scores, Tinetti Mobility Test (TMT), and cognitive tests (Verbal Fluency, Symbol Digit Modalities Test (SDMT), Stroop Test).
  • Longitudinal analysis using mixed-effects regression models for TMT and cognitive measures.

Main Results:

  • Mobility measures (TMT scores) significantly correlated with cognitive measures, excluding Verbal Fluency.
  • Stroop Interference and SDMT were significant predictors (p<0.01) of TMT total scores.

Conclusions:

  • Executive function deficits strongly correlate with impaired gait, balance, and mobility in individuals with HD.
  • Interventions to improve HD mobility and reduce fall risk should integrate cognitive training, potentially through motor-cognitive dual-tasking.