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Morphological and Functional Inner and Outer Retinal Layer Abnormalities in Eyes with Permanent Temporal Hemianopia
Rafael B de Araújo1, Maria K Oyamada1, Leandro C Zacharias1
1Laboratory of Investigation in Ophthalmology (LIM 33), Division of Ophthalmology, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil.
Frontiers in Neurology
|December 20, 2017
Summary
Chiasmal compression causes inner retinal thinning and outer retinal thickening, with reduced electroretinography amplitudes. This suggests inner retinal axonal injury leads to secondary outer retina damage.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Neuroscience
- Medical Imaging
Background:
- Chiasmal compression, often from pituitary tumors, can cause permanent visual field defects.
- Understanding the structural and functional retinal changes in these patients is crucial for diagnosis and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare optical coherence tomography (OCT)-measured macular retinal layers in eyes with temporal hemianopia and control eyes.
- To compare regular and slow-flash multifocal electroretinography (mfERG) in patients and controls.
- To assess correlations between OCT, mfERG, and visual field data.
Main Methods:
- Spectral domain OCT, mfERG, and 10-2 visual field testing were performed on 30 patients with temporal hemianopia and 19 healthy controls.
- Macular retinal layer thicknesses (RNFL, GCL, IPL, INL, OPL, PRL) were measured using OCT.
- mfERG amplitudes and oscillatory potentials (OPs) were recorded and analyzed.
Main Results:
- Patients showed significant thinning of RNFL, GCL, and IPL, and thickening of INL, OPL, and PRL in nasal quadrants compared to controls.
- Significant correlations were found between OCT and visual field measurements for inner and outer retinal layers.
- Reduced OPs and mfERG N1 amplitudes were observed in the nasal hemiretina of patients.
Conclusions:
- Permanent temporal hemianopia from chiasmal compression is associated with inner retinal thinning and outer retinal thickening.
- Reduced inner and outer retinal function (mfERG, OPs) correlates with structural changes.
- Findings suggest inner retinal axonal injury leads to secondary outer retina damage in this condition.
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