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Microstrip Patch Sensor for Salinity Determination.

Kibae Lee1, Arshad Hassan2,3, Chong Hyun Lee4

  • 1Research Institute, Kyungwon Co. Ltd., Siheung 15084, Korea. kibae0211@gmail.com.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|December 21, 2017
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces a novel microstrip patch sensor for precise seawater salinity measurement. Utilizing changes in relative permittivity, it offers superior sensitivity and a 0.01 ppt resolution for salinity determination.

Keywords:
microstrip patch sensorrelative permittivityresonance frequencysalinitysensitivity

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Sensor Technology
  • Material Science

Background:

  • Seawater salinity monitoring is crucial for oceanography and environmental studies.
  • Existing salinity sensors often lack sensitivity or are costly.
  • Relative permittivity changes with salinity offer a promising sensing mechanism.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose and validate a compact microstrip feed inset patch sensor for accurate seawater salinity measurement.
  • To leverage the higher sensitivity of relative permittivity changes compared to conductivity for salinity detection.
  • To develop a low-cost, high-resolution sensor for real-time salinity determination.

Main Methods:

  • Sensor design using finite element method (FEM) in ANSYS HFSS.
  • Fabrication via 3D printing and copper spray coating.
  • Testing the sensor's response to varying salinities (20-35 ppt) within a 1 mL chamber.
  • Analysis of resonance frequency shifts and reflection coefficients.

Main Results:

  • The designed sensor achieved a resolution of 0.01 ppt salinity.
  • The fabricated sensor demonstrated an average frequency separation of 48 kHz, outperforming the designed 37.9 kHz.
  • Reflection coefficients below -35 dB were observed, indicating efficient operation.
  • The sensor exhibited superior detection capability compared to existing methods.

Conclusions:

  • The proposed compact, low-cost microstrip patch sensor effectively measures seawater salinity with high resolution.
  • The sensor's performance validates the use of relative permittivity changes for sensitive salinity detection.
  • This RF tunable sensor presents a viable solution for advanced salinity determination applications.